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Cherokee
Cherokee, North American tribe, of the Iroquoian linguistic family and the
Southeast culture area. The Cherokee played an important role in colonial
America and in United States history; they remain one of the largest tribes
in the United States.
Archaeological and linguistic evidence indicates that the Cherokee migrated
in prehistoric times from present-day Texas or northern Mexico to the Great
Lakes area. Wars with the Iroquois tribes of the New York area and the
Delaware tribes pushed them southeast to the Allegheny and Appalachian
mountain regions in modern North and South Carolina, Tennessee, and northern
Georgia and Alabama. There the Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto encountered
them in 1540. In 1715 smallpox reduced their population to about 11,000.
During the British and French struggle for control of colonial North
America, the Cherokee generally sided with the British, and during the
American Revolution the tribe aided Great Britain. In 1785 they negotiated a
peace treaty with the United States, but Cherokee resistance continued for a
decade thereafter. In 1791 a new treaty reconfirmed the earlier one; part of
Cherokee territory was ceded to the United States, and the permanent rights
of the tribe to the remaining territory were established. Between 1790 and
1819, several thousand of the tribe migrated west of the Mississippi,
becoming known as the Western Band.
In 1820 the tribe established a governmental system modeled on that of the
United States, with an elected principal chief, a senate, and a house of
representatives. Because of this system, the Cherokee were included as one
of the so-called Five Civilized tribes. In 1827 they drafted a constitution
and incorporated as the Cherokee Nation.
Meanwhile, valuable gold deposits were discovered in tribal lands, which by
previous cessions had been reduced to about 2,830,000 hectares (about 7
million acres) in northwest Georgia, eastern Tennessee, and southwest North
Carolina. In 1819 Georgia appealed to the U.S. government to remove the
Cherokee from Georgia lands. When the appeal failed, attempts were made to
purchase the territory. In retaliation the Cherokee Nation enacted a law
forbidding any such sale on punishment of death. In 1828 the Georgia
legislature outlawed the Cherokee government and confiscated tribal lands.
Cherokee appeals for federal protection were rejected by President Andrew
Jackson. In 1832 the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the
Georgia legislation was unconstitutional; federal authorities, following
Jackson's policy of Native American removal, ignored the decision.
About 500 leading Cherokee agreed in 1835 to cede the tribal territory in
exchange for $5,700,000 and land in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). Their
action was repudiated by more than nine-tenths of the tribe, and several
members of the group were later assassinated. In 1838 federal troops began
forcibly evicting the Cherokee. Approximately one thousand escaped to the
North Carolina mountains, purchased land, and incorporated in that state;
they were the ancestors of the present-day Eastern Band.
Meanwhile, most of the tribe, including the Western Band, were driven west
about 1,285 km (about 800 mi) in a forced march, known as the Trail of
Tears. About 4,000 perished through hunger, disease, and exposure while on
the journey or in stockades awaiting removal. In Indian Territory the
Cherokee reorganized their government under their chief, John Ross.
During the American Civil War, after great internal conflict, the tribe
sided with the Confederacy; a postwar treaty with the United States freed
the black slaves of tribal members. Under the General Allotment Act of
1887-uncompromisingly resisted by the Cherokee-plots of tribal land were
forcibly allotted to individual members. The government of the Cherokee
Nation was dissolved, and its people became U.S. citizens when Oklahoma
achieved statehood in 1907. Surplus lands were parceled out by the federal
government, and in 1891 the tribe's western land extension, the Cherokee
Strip or Cherokee Outlet, was sold to the United States; in 1893 it was
opened, mostly to white settlers, in a famous land run.
Culture
Cherokee economy, like that of the other southeastern tribes, was based on
intensive agriculture, mainly of corn, beans, and squash. Deer, bear, and
elk were hunted. The Busk, or Green Corn Ceremony, was a time of
thanksgiving, rekindling of sacred fires, and spiritual renewal. The tribe
was divided into seven matrilineal clans that were dispersed in war and
peace moieties (half-tribes). The people lived in numerous permanent
villages, some of which belonged to the war moiety, the rest to the peace
moiety.
In the early 19th century, the Cherokee demonstrated unusual adaptability to
Western institutions, both in their governmental changes and in their
adoption of Western methods of animal husbandry and farming, including the
plantation system. Public schools were established and in the 1820s,
Sequoya, a tribal member, invented an 85-character syllabary script for the
Cherokee language. Widespread literacy followed almost immediately. In 1828
the first Native American newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, began
publication.
Contemporary Life
In Oklahoma, traditional Cherokee culture was severely weakened. The old
ways, including traditional crafts, are most strongly preserved by the
Eastern Band, some of whom continue to live on the Qualla Reservation in
North Carolina. The quality of North Carolina Cherokee basketry is
considered to be equal to or better than that of earlier times. In Oklahoma
the Cherokee live both on and off the reservation, scattered in urban
centers and in isolated rural regions. Their occupations range from fishing
to industrial labor to business management. In North Carolina, farming,
forestry, factory work, and tourism (about 5 million tourists annually) are
sources of income. The Cherokee language has about 10,000 modern speakers.
In 1990 there were 308,132 Cherokee descendants in the United States.
"Cherokee," Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2000
http://encarta.msn.com 1997-2000 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
History of the Cherokee
http://pages.tca.net/martikw/
The Official Site of the Cherokee Nation
http://www.cherokee.org/
United Keetoowah Band WWW
http://www.uark.edu/depts/comminfo/UKB/welcome.html
Cherokee History on First Nations. Lee Sultzman, First Nations' Historian,
has composed an excellent overview of the history of the Cherokee. This page
includes the most thorough chronology of treaties and other events that
shaped the history of the Cherokee.
http://www.dickshovel.com/
Fire in the Mountains: The arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in the
Cherokee Country by Donald Sheppard and Jeremiah Wolfe on
http://www.floridahistory.com .
North Georgia History on Randal Golden's Cartersville GA website
http://www.ngeorgia.com/history/
Cherokee History
Sequoyah
New Echota
The Cherokee Phoenix Newspaper
Northwest Georgia's Chieftains Trail includes Native American historical sites.
North Georgia's Bartram Trail traces the path of botanist John Bartram 1765 and 1766 through the Cherokee Country.
Trail of Tears
http://www.ngeorgia.com/history/nghisttt.html
Pictures of Our Nobler Selves: the history of Native American journalism
with emphasis on the writings of Elias Boudinot, John Rollin Ridge, and
Elias Cornelius Boudinot. It begins with an excellent history of the
Cherokee Phoenix newpaper. [from the First Amendment Center website]
http://www.fac.org/publicat/trahant/report.htm
Cherokee Time-Line
Cherokee Language and History Tapes
Sequoyah: author of the Cherokee syllabary.
Sequoyah's Talking Leaves: An article about Sequoyah by my friend, Priscilla Omega.
Chief Whitepath's Cabin The restored cabin of Chief Whitepath, relocated to Gainesville GA from its original location in Ellijay GA.
The Cherokee Indian - A work by Noble High School (Maine) student Scott Hodgdon.
Cherokee Archaeology-- North Carolina Archaeological Society
North Carolina Archaeological Society
Prehistory of the Upper Cumberland River Drainage in the Kentucky, Virginia and Tennessee Border Region Cherokee Removal
Cherokee Treaties produced by the Oklahoma State University Library
The Treaty of Hopewell 1785 (preceded on this page by The Shawnee Treaty at Great Miami 1786)
Report on the Indian Affairs in the Southern Department 1787
Congressional Proclamation on the Treaty of Hopewell 1788
Cherokee Nation v. State of Georgia - 1831 The US Supreme Court's opinion as presented by Chief Justice John Marshall.
A Brief History of the Trail of Tears
John Burnett's Story: As a young man, John Burnett was a U.S. soldier who participated in the removal of the Cherokee over the Trail of Tears. On his 80th birthday, he recorded the sad story of his experience.
J.W. Moore, 1869: This is a letter written by J.W. Moore in 1869 describing his experiences with the Cherokee. It is taken from Emmett Starr's book "Cherokees West 1794-1839".
Civilization or Extinction? An essay by Lucy Maddox on Georgetown University's American Studies website.
History of the Texas Cherokee
A Guide to Cherokee Confederate Military Units, 1861 - 1865 by Lars Gjertveit
History of the 10th Kansas Volunteer Infantry in the American Civil War.
Sam Starr: A Short and Violent Life By Michael Koch. Sam Starr and Frank West killed each other in a shoot-out in 1886. Both are Cherokee and were second-cousins (common great-grandparents). Sam Starr's wife was the notorious "Queen of the Outlaws", Belle Starr. [btw, Frank West is my great-great-grandfather].
The Titchenal Cherokee Connection This site includes much historical
commentary on the Starr's and others in the Briartown OK area. This web site
is based on the works of the late Oliver R. Titchenal.
The Frontier Indian Police in four parts.
The Text of the Dawes Act -- The Dawes Act or General Allotment Act of 1887
Native American Documents Project California State University, San Marcos
Papers by Patrick Minges: Patrick Minges is a Ph.D. candidate at Union
Theological Seminary in the City of New York. His dissertation is being
posted as a work in progress to allow opportunities for input from sources
and resources knowledgeable about the issues involved. (Due to their length,
you may want to download them and read them offline). Please contact him at
with comments and suggestions.
Dissertation Prospectus
Chapter 1: Red, White, and Black in the Old South (draft)
Chapter 2: Red, White, and Black in the Old South (draft)
Chapter 3: Red, White, and Black in the Old South (draft)
Chapter 4: Red, White, and Black in the Old South (draft)
"Who are You? I am Keetoowah's Son": Cherokee Nationalism and the Civil War
Beneath the Underdog: Race, Religion and the "Trail of Tears"
God and the Land: Natural Theology and Natural History - Gerald Smith, University of the South.
Slavery: A description Native American and African American slavery in the Southeastern Tribes
Western History Manuscript Collection at the University of Missouri-Columbia Sequoyah
c.1766-1843, Native North American leader, creator of the Cherokee syllabary, b. Loudon co., Tenn. Although many historians believe that he was the son of a Cherokee woman and a white trader named Nathaniel Gist, his descendants dispute this claim. To most Americans he was known as George Guess; to the Cherokee he was known as Sogwali. The name Sequoyah was given to him by missionaries. A silversmith and a trader in the Cherokee country in Georgia, he set out to create a system for reducing the Cherokee language to writing, and he compiled a table of 85 characters; he took some letters from an English spelling book and by inversion, modification, and invention adopted the symbols to Cherokee sounds. There is some dispute as to when the syllabary was completed. Many historians date its completion at about 1821; Cherokee tradition holds that it was created much earlier and was actually in use as early as the late 18th cent. In 1822, Sequoyah visited the Cherokee in Arkansas, and soon he taught thousands of the Native Americans to read and write. He moved with them to present-day Oklahoma. Parts of the Bible were soon printed in Cherokee, and in 1828 a weekly newspaper was begun. His remarkable achievement helped to unite the Cherokee and make them leaders among other Native Americans. The giant tree, sequoia, is named for him. See biographies by Grant Foreman (1938, repr. 1970) and C. C. Coblentz (1946, repr. 1962); Traveller Bird, Tell Them They Lie: The Sequoyah Myth (1971).
Cherokee
This site tells how the Spanish Conquistadors affected life in the Cherokee
nation.
http://www.floridahistory.com/inset2.html
Cherokee
This is page one of a comprehensive history of the Cherokee nation -- their
location, culture, allies, and foes. There's a link to page two at the
bottom of the page.
http://www.dickshovel.com/Cherokee1.html
Cherokee Indians
This is a broad overview of the Cherokee nation.
http://www.smokymtnmall.com/mall/cindians.html
The Cherokee of California
This tribe is not federally recognized and has no connection to the Cherokee
of Oklahoma. They offer you a lot of information here, with such links as
history, hymns, a cookbook, and traditional ceremonies. There's a list of
the Cherokee moons -- each month a new moon, a new name, a new meaning to
daily life.
http://www.Powersource.com/cocinc/
The Cherokee Story
Such a nice site! You can see history coming to life in your mind's eye. The
tale starts in Siberia thousands of years ago and continues to present day.
http://www.chota.com/cherokee/
Cherokee Archaeology
The written history of the Cherokee people begins when De Soto and his
Conquistadors arrived in their territory, but archaeologists have traced
their history in North Carolina back to 1000 A.D. Check out what they've
found on this all-text site.
http://www.arch.dcr.state.nc.us/cherokee.htm
Cherokee in Georgia
Discover the history of this nation and how it changed from the time when
Europeans first made contact. This is part one, leading to part two where
can check out the "North Georgia's Cherokee Indians" link -- you'll find
even more interesting links there. There's so much to learn from this
website.
http://www.ngeorgia.com/history/cherokeehistory.shtml
The Flag of the Cherokee of Oklahoma
You can get a brief description of the Cherokee flag, its history, and a bit
about the tribe's seal.
http://users.aol.com/Donh523/navapage/cherokok.htm
A Guide to Cherokee Confederates
This is a comprehensive list of Cherokee military units on the Confederate
side of the American Civil War.
http://www.scv.org/cherokee.htm
History of the Cherokee - White Indian's Homepage
This is a large site with a decidedly Native point of view of Cherokee
history. There is a genealogy search engine here as well as maps and oodles
of other information.
http://pages.tca.net/martikw
Cherokee Pride
This mainpage welcomes you to the Cherokee Nation and offers you links to
its history, culture, and profile. It's an attractive site from which you'll
learn a great deal about these people.
http://www.tahlequah.com/cherokee/
Native Americans - Cherokee Indians
This attractive site with good, overall coverage of the Cherokee nation was
authored by a third grader, Leah Montre. She really knows her stuff. Great
job, Leah!
http://members.aol.com/tuckermice/cherokee.html
Official Homepage of the Cherokee Indian Reservation
This site promotes the tribe's commercial endeavors on their North Carolina
reservation.
http://www.cherokee-nc.com/
Pictures of Our Nobler Selves
On Feb. 21, 1828, the first edition of the Cherokee newspaper rolled off the
press in Georgia. Here's the story of how it came about and its editor, the
Cherokee written language, and what happened afterwards. A story of murders,
assassinations, and all kinds of corruption, plus a good bunch of
biographies about Native American journalists.
http://www.fac.org/publicat/trahant/report.htm
Snowbirds Tsalagi Nest
Click on ENTER then follow the many links to pages about such things as
Cherokee moons, legends, words and phrases, and treaties.
http://snowbird.virtualave.net/
Starr
Here's a little bit of a "shoot 'em-up" story for those of you who want to
add some colour and excitement to your history studies. It all centers
around Belle Starr's (Queen of the Outlaws) husband, who happened to be a
Cherokee.
http://www.qns.com/~dcordry/Starr.html
United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians WWW
Get the history and some modern-day information about this band of the
Cherokee and their fight for Federal recognition. It's in the form of
presentations at symposiums. (Mainly text).
http://www.uark.edu/depts/comminfo/UKB/welcome.html
All Things Cherokee - http://www.allthingscherokee.com/
Genealogical resource with a bulletin board and culture, history, and language links.
Cherokee Cultural Society of Houston - http://www.powersource.com/cherokee/
a non-profit social organization with a mission to preserve heritage, culture and build for the future. A monthly email newsletter is sent to all visitors.
Cherokee Heritage - http://www.angelfire.com/in3/CherokeeHeritage
Personal homepage with some Cherokee cultural and historical information.
Cherokee Heritage Center - http://www.cherokeeheritage.org/
Dedicated to Cherokee history, culture and arts.
Cherokee History - http://www.tolatsga.org/Cherokee1.html
Overview of Cherokee tribal history.
Cherokee Indian Ancestry - http://www.doi.gov/bia/ancestry/cher_anc.html
BIA fact sheet on Cherokee genealogy.
Cherokee Indians Photography - http://www.swulinski.com/Cherokee.html
Travel photography from the reservation of the Eastern Band.
Cherokee Messenger - http://www.powersource.com/cherokee/default.html
Articles from the journal of the Cherokee Cultural Society of Houston.
Cherokee Nation - http://www.cherokee.org/
Official homepage of the federally recognized government of the Cherokee people, the second largest Indian tribe in the United States. With news, cultural and historical articles, events calendar and links.
Cherokee Reference Material - http://members.aol.com/bbbenge/page10.html
Cherokee links page from a descendant of Sequoyah's family.
CN 1839 Project - http://www.cn1839.org
Non profit working toward self-sufficiency of the Cherokee Nation. Forum, classifieds, employment opportunities, links.
Eastern Band of Cherokee - http://www.cherokee-nc.com/
Information, news, and events from this federally recognized North Carolina tribe.
History of the Cherokee - http://pages.tca.net/martikw/
Comprehensive collection of historical information and links on the tribe.
New Echota - http://www.geocities.com/newechota2/
Site by a Cherokee mixed-blood dedicated to Tsalagi and other native spiritual practices.
North Georgia Cherokee - http://ngeorgia.com/history/cherokeeindex.html
Historical and biographical articles.
Pacific Northwest Cherokee - http://www.cherokee-nw.com
Homepage of a non-tribal cultural group dedicated to their common Cherokee heritage (members both enrolled and unenrolled). The site contains information about history and culture, group newsletters, and meeting information.
Society of Absentee Cherokee - http://www.homestead.com/Absentee_Cherokee/index.html
Website serving the unenrolled Cherokee community in America.
The Cherokee National Historical Society - http://www.powersource.com/heritage/
Preserving the history and culture of the Cherokee people.
The Cherokee Observer - http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Prairie/5918/
The only independent Cherokee newspaper, available online.
Tsalagi (Cherokee) - http://www.geocities.com/bigorrin/cher.htm
Simple cultural and historical overview of the Cherokee, and an index of more than 200 links about Tsalagi language, community, culture, history, and genealogy.
United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians - http://www.uark.edu/depts/comminfo/UKB/welcome.html
Governance structure, articles, links.
Alicia's Tsalagi Language Page - http://www.angelfire.com/tn3/aliciawells/tsalagi/language.html
Tsalagi dictionary, proverbs, recipes, history, and general language information.
Cherokee Companion - http://www.intertribal.net/NAT/Cherokee/WebPgCC1/CC1home.htm
Software for learning Cherokee. You can download a free demo lesson.
Cherokee Language and History Tapes - http://www.powersource.com/cherokee/lang.html
Information for ordering.
Cherokee Language Lessons - http://www.powersource.com/cocinc/language/
Lessons in Cherokee (Tsalagi) from Cherokees of California.
Cherokee Language Links - http://www.allthingscherokee.com/language_links.html
Resources for the Tsalagi syllabary and Sequoyah the developer of it, font downloads, language lessons and vocabulary lists.
Cherokee Syllabary - http://www.YvwiiUsdinvnohii.net/images/syll.htm
GIF of Sequoyah's Syllabary with pronunciation guide.
Freeware Cherokee Font Information - http://joyce.eng.yale.edu/~joant/Cherokee.html
A "rustic" Cherokee font available for download.
Little Linguist - Cherokee Language Learning Toy for Kids - http://www.nativeamericantv.com/natv_little_linguist.htm
Introduces your child to their Native American Tribal Languages.
Noksi Press - http://www.ahalenia.com/noksi/index.html
Preservation and literary resources of Cherokee language books. Basic vocabulary and links.
Online Language Tutor Tsalagi - http://www.nativenashville.com/tutor_syllabary.htm
Series of online Cherokee language lessons.
The Cherokee Observer Language Editor - http://www.galstar.com/~dcwy/language.html
Brief Cherokee language lessons, requiring Cherokee True Type fonts ($25).
Tsalagi (Cherokee) Language - http://www.geocities.com/bigorrin/cher.htm
Part of a larger site dedicated to the preservation of Indian languages, this page features background information and hundreds of links about Tsalagi and the people who speak it.
Tsalagi Language Discussion List - http://groups.yahoo.com/group/tsalagi
Open membership unmoderated e-mail listserv.
Tsalagi Language Resources - http://public.csusm.edu/public/raven/cherokee.dir/cher1.html
Print and online resources, and a Cherokee lexicon and syllabary. Links.
Tsalagi to English Glossary - http://www.geocities.com/rainforest/3535/tsalagi.html
A fairly extensive listing of Tsalagi words and their English translations.
Cherokee Lore - http://lehua.ilhawaii.net/~stony/montly97.html
Various traditional tales.
Cherokee Stories - http://www.powersource.com/cocinc/articles/default.htm
Archive of legends and traditional tales.
Native American Authors: Cherokee Tribe - http://www.ipl.org/cgi/ref/native/browse.pl/t12
Profiles and links about 47 different Cherokee authors.
Native Styles Programs - http://www.nativestyles.com/programs.htm
Cherokee storyteller Jackie Crow.
Stories around the Campfire: The Bear Legend - http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/5292/bearlege.htm
A Cherokee tale.
The Cherokee - http://www.ibiblio.org/storytelling/cherokee.html
Site about Cherokee traditional storytelling.
Uktena - http://tannerywhistle.com/ukt.html
A traditional Cherokee story told by Appalachian storyteller Gary Carden.
Andrew Jackson's Trail of Murder - http://www.iwchildren.org/genocide/shame9.htm
Site excoriating Andrew Jackson for deporting the Cherokees despite their defending America and personally saving his life during the war with the Creeks.
Cherokee History - http://www.cherokee.org/Culture/HistoryPage.asp?Recordset4_Action=Find('ID','2')&Recordset4_Position=FIL%3AORD%3AABS%3A2KEY%3A2PAR%3A
The history of the Trail of Tears, from the Cherokee Nation.
Cherokee Removal Forts - http://www.ngeorgia.com/history/cherokeeforts.shtml
Information and links about removal forts in Georgia.
John G. Burnetts Story of the Removal of the Cherokees - http://www.powersource.com/cherokee/burnett.html
Account of the Trail of Tears, 50 years later, by a US soldier who had escorted the Indians to Oklahoma as a young private.
North Georgia History: Trail of Tears - http://ngeorgia.com/history/nghisttt.html
Summary of the Cherokee forced march from Georgia.
Samuel's Memory - http://pages.tca.net/martikw/samuel.html
The story of the Trail of Tears, from the perspective of a 9-year-old boy who survived the journey.
The Trail Where They Cried - http://www.powersource.com/cocinc/history/trail.htm
Overview of the Trail of Tears from the Cherokee of California.
Cherokee of Georgia Tribal Council - http://www.supernet.net/~cherokee/
Homepage of this state-recognized tribe includes membership information, pow wow schedule, and links.
Cherokee Tribe of Northeast Alabama - http://www.tsalagi.org/
Homepage of this state-recognized tribe sports a few links and a Tsalagi language page.
Cherokees of California - http://www.powersource.com/cocinc/
Federally unrecognized band based in Maryville, California offers numerous articles on Cherokee language, culture, and history, as well as information about the band and links.
Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory AwiAkta District - http://awiakta.org
Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory, state recognized in Missouri and Arkansas. Awi Akta District Page, Topeka, Kansas.
Northern Tsalagi Nation - http://home1.gte.net/pofloyd/index.htm
Basic history and tribal information for the Chickamaugan Cherokee.
Pitter's Cherokee Trails - http://rosecity.net/cherokee/
Unofficial page about the Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory, with articles and links.
Rednation of the Cherokee - http://www.rednation.org
A non-profit, non-political, independent intertribal international nation.
Southeastern Cherokee Council - http://www.shelbynet.net/~secci/
Information and online applications from this mixed-blood group based in Georgia.
Southern Cherokee Nation - http://www.southern-cherokee.com/
A tribal association of Cherokee who have resisted government recognition in order to maintain their sovereignty.
Tennessee River Band of Chickamaugan Cherokees - http://www.angelfire.lycos.com/tn/trbccscn/index.html
A confederation of families of Cherokee descent, the site includes membership information and links.
The Cherokee Tribe of Indians - http://communities.msn.com/TheCherokeeTribeofIndians
Website of a South Carolina group calling themselves the Cherokee Tribe of Indians. Many of their members were previously known as Melungeons.
The Lost Cherokee of Arkansas and Missouri - http://www.lostcherokee.com
Apply for membership, find Cherokee services, merchandise, news, links and information for members and non-members.
The Northern Cherokee Nation of Missouri and Arkansas - http://www.northerncherokee.com/
Brief history and contact information from this state-recognized tribe.
Tsalagiyi Nvdagi Tribe - http://hometown.aol.com/texascherokees/index.html
Federally unrecognized Cherokee of Texas present history, goals, newsletter, stories, language information, art, genealogy, and links.
Western Cherokee Nation of Arkansas and Missouri - http://www.westerncherokee.net
Official site of the half of this unrecognized tribal government led by Lola Scholl, who claims certain tribal council members have been suspended for their behavior.
Western Cherokee Nation of Arkansas and Missouri - http://members.tripod.com/Bold_Eagle/WesternCherokeeNation.html
A Cherokee man in Oregon who claims himself to be the Oregon State Office of the Western Cherokee Nation of Arkansas and Missouri.
Western Cherokee Nation of Arkansas and Missouri - http://www.westerncherokeenation.org
Official website of the half of this unrecognized tribal government being run by Lee Overturf, who claims that Lola Schall was removed from office for her behavior.
Cherokee Nation Web Ring - http://nav.webring.yahoo.com/hub?ring=cherokeenation&list
Cherokee genealogy and general interest sites. Form to join and list of member sites.
Home-Based Cherokee Business Web Ring - http://nav.webring.yahoo.com/hub?ring=cherokeenativeam&list
For Cherokee Nation cottage industry entrepreneurs. Form to join and list of member sites.
The Tsalagi Ring - http://nav.webring.yahoo.com/hub?ring=tsalagi&list
Web ring for sites of Cherokee interest.
Tsalagi Webring - http://www.geocities.com/bourbonstreet/8632/
Webring for sites solely dedicated to Cherokee culture and heritage; no intertribal nor pan-indian sites. Guidelines and live form.
Wes Studi Cherokee Actor - http://www.thestudigroup.com
Official fan club site, The StudiGroup promotes Wes Studi's career as actor, musician, activist, and director.
Wes Studi StudiGroup Pages - http://www.angelfire.com/ab/tracywesite/index.html
Filmography, message board, fan club information and related links.
Wilma Mankiller - http://www.powersource.com/gallery/people/wilma.html
Biography and other information about this powerful woman.
Wilma Mankiller - http://gos.sbc.edu/m/mankiller.html
Speech by Wilma Mankiller on the future of the Cherokee Nation.
Wilma Mankiller - http://encarta.msn.com/find/Concise.asp?ti=06058000
Encyclopedia article about this Cherokee chief. |
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Native American Nations
