LEE UNITED STATES NAVY RIFLE, MODEL 1895
GENERAL:
This rifle was designed by James Paris Lee, "one of the foremost arms inventors of the century". It was a standard U.S. Navy weapon in the Spanish-American War era.
BACKGROUND:
The Lee rifle was accepted by the Navy in 1895 and manufactured by Winchester beginning in 1896, with an initial order of ten thousand units. Eventually close to twenty thousand were produced. A large number of these weapons were aboard the USS MAINE when it sunk in Havana Harbor. Fifty of these were later recovered and sold. The Lee was considered to be ahead of its time, and was not well-liked outside of the U.S. Navy. Production stopped in 1902.
ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES:
The weapon, unlike the Krag-Jorgensen Rifle of the time period, was not designed for the ammunition in the magazine to be held in reserve for emergencies while the weapon itself was basically used as a single shot
rifle. The magazine could be reloaded very quickly, allowing the "ammunition reserve" to be unnecessary.
The ammunition used for the Lee utilized smokeless powder, offering a definite advantage over the "trapdoor" rifle. Shell casings were automatically extracted from the weapon.
One disadvantage of the weapon was that, when the magazine still had ammunition in it, the gun could not be used for firing single shots.
TECHNOTES:
| Action: |
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Straight pull bolt action rapid-fire breech-loader |
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| Total length: |
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47 inches |
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| Length of barrel: |
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28 inches |
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| Rifling: |
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6 grooves, making one turn in 6.5 inches. |
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| Weight: |
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8.5 pounds |
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| Ammunition: |
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6mm rimless, in five round clips |
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| Charge: |
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33 grains of smokeless powder |
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| Weight of cartridge: |
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332 grains |
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| Weight of projectile: |
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135 grains |
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| Muzzle Velocity: |
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2,460 feet per second at 60 feet from the muzzle. This gave the |
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weapon the ability to penetrate 3/8 inch steel boiler plate at 100 feet. |
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| Bayonet: |
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Knife-type, 8.25" long |
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Sources used for this information (see Bibliography for full source list)
Alger, Prof. P. R. USN, and Ensign N. C. Twining, USN, "The United
States Navy Rifle", U.S. Bureau of Ordnance.
Gluckman, Arcadi, "United States Muskets, Rifles and Carbines", Buffalo: Otto Ulbrich Co., Inc., 1948.
Kirkland, K. D., "America's Premier Gunmakers: Winchester", New York:
Exeter Books, 1989.
