FRtR > Outlines > American Literature > Democratic Origins and Revolutionary Writers, 1776-1820: Oliver Wendell Holmes (1809-1894)

An Outline of American Literature


by Kathryn VanSpanckeren

The Romantic Period, 1820-1860: Essayists and Poets: Oliver Wendell Holmes (1809-1894)

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Oliver Wendell Holmes, a celebrated physician and professor of anatomy and physiology at Harvard, is the hardest of the three well-known Brahmins to categorize because his work is marked by a refreshing versatility. It encompasses collections of humorous essays (for example, The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table, 1858), novels (Elsie Venner, 1861), biographies (Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1885), and verse that could be sprightly ("The Deacon's Masterpiece, or, The Wonderful One-Hoss Shay"), philosophical ("The Chambered Nautilus"), or fervently patriotic ("Old Ironsides").

Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the suburb of Boston that is home to Harvard, Holmes was the son of a prominent local minister. His mother was a descendant of the poet Anne Bradstreet. In his time, and more so thereafter, he symbolized wit, intelligence, and charm not as a discoverer or a trailblazer, but rather as an exemplary interpreter of everything from society and language to medicine and human nature.
Holmes was the father of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr, the Supreme Court Justice.

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