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The Iron Horse: the impact of the railroads on 19th century American society


Notes


By Marieke van Ophem

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  1. Brinkley, Alan. The Unfinished Nation. A Concise History of the American People. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1993, 178-180
  2. Ibid., 223
  3. Brinkley, 223
  4. Licht, Walter. Working for the Railroad. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983, 7
  5. Brinkley, 223
  6. Fogel, R.W. Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Economic History Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1964, 2
  7. Brinkley, 223-224
  8. Licht, 10
  9. Ibid., 7-8
  10. Brinkley, 224
  11. Fogel, 2-3
  12. Billington, R.A. Westward Expansion New York: The Macmillan Company, 1967, 642-643
  13. Fogel, 3
  14. Bass Warner Jr., S. The Urban Wilderness. A History of the American City. New York: Harper & Row, 1972, 92-96
  15. Laurie, Bruce. Artisans into Workers New York: Hill and Wang, 1989, 114
  16. Brinkley, 347
  17. parts 6 through 9 are taken from Dee Brown, Hear That Lonesome Whistle Blow New York: Bantam Books, Inc., 1978, pages 28-37, unless stated otherwise
  18. Emerson, as quoted in Cochran, T. and W. Miller The Age of Enterprise New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1961, 54
  19. Cochran, 54
  20. Asa Whitney, as quoted in Brown, 28-32
  21. as quoted in Brown, 32
  22. Brinkley, 347-348
  23. President Pierce, as quoted in Brown, 36
  24. as quoted in Brown, 36
  25. Brinkley, 342
  26. Ibid., 438-349
  27. Folsom, B.W. The Myth of the Robber Barons Herndon: Young America's Foundation, 1991, 18
  28. Ibid., 1
  29. as quoted in Folsom, 18-19
  30. Folsom, 18-19
  31. Brown, 102
  32. Folsom, 19
  33. Brown, 98
  34. Ibid., 100-101
  35. Folsom, 19-20
  36. Brown, 102-103
  37. part 12 is taken from Dee Brown, pages 119-127, unless stated otherwise
  38. as quoted in Brown, 119
  39. Harte, as quoted in Brown, 127
  40. part 13 is taken from Folsom, pages 20-22, unless stated otherwise
  41. Durant, as quoted in Folsom, 20
  42. Scheiber H., H. Vatter and H. Underwood Faulkner. American Economic History New York: Harper & Row, 1976, 264-265
  43. as quoted in Billington, Westward Expansion, 707
  44. ibid.
  45. ibid., 708
  46. Billington, Westward Expansion, 706-708
  47. Fogel, 5
  48. parts 16, 17 and 18 are taken from Hudson, John C. "Towns of the Western Railroads" Great Plains Quarterly, Winter 1982, 41 - 54 (41-44)
  49. as quoted in Hudson, 42
  50. ibid.
  51. as quoted in Fogel, 4
  52. part 19 is taken from Ray Ginger, "A Compulsory Heaven at Pullman" Eds. L. Dinnerstein and K.T. Jackson American Vistas. 1877 to the Present. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979, 37-59, unless stated otherwise
  53. Morgan, Kenneth ed. The Oxford History of Britain Oxford: Oxford University Press 1984, 530
  54. as quoted in Ginger, 43
  55. ibid.
  56. Taft, Philip. Organized Labor in American History New York: Harper & Row, 1964, 147
  57. parts 21 and 22 are taken from Zinn, Howard. A People's History of the United States. 1492 - present New York: HarperPerennial, 1995, 240-241, unless stated otherwise
  58. as quoted in Zinn, 272
  59. Dacus, as quoted in Zinn, 242
  60. as quoted in Zinn, 245
  61. Burbank, as quoted in Zinn, 245
  62. Marx, as quoted in Zinn, 245-246
  63. parts 23 through 25 are taken from Ray Ginger, 43-56, unless stated otherwise.
  64. Debs, as quoted in Ginger, 48
  65. as quoted in Ginger, 51
  66. Debs, as quoted in Ginger, 52
  67. United States Constitution, as quoted in Ginger, 52
  68. Governor Altgeld, as quoted in Ginger, 52-53
  69. President Cleveland, as quoted in Ginger, 53
  70. as quoted in Ginger, 55
  71. Federal investigating commission, as quoted in Ginger, 56
  72. supreme court of Illinois, as quoted in Ginger, 56
  73. Chapter VI (parts 26-28) has been taken from Scheiber et. Al, 265-270, unless stated otherwise
  74. From Revolution to Reconstruction and what happened afterwards� http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/H/1990/ch6_p6.htm, June 1999
  75. Billington, Westward Expansion 728-729.
  76. The Fourteenth Amendment, as quoted in Scheiber, 267
  77. Court ruling, as quoted in Scheiber, 267
  78. ibid.
  79. Interstate Commerce Commissioners, as quoted in Scheiber, 269
  80. Historical Overview of the Union Pacific Railroad Post Construction http://www.uprr.com/uprr/ffh/history/hist-ov5.shtml April 1999
  81. Scheiber et. Al. 271-272
  82. Historical Overview of the Union Pacific Railroad
  83. Milner II, C.A., O'Connor C.A., & Sandweiss M.A. The Oxford History of the American West New York: Oxford University Press, 1994, 472-473
  84. Scheiber et. Al 322-323
  85. Ibid., 408-409
  86. Historical Overview of the Union Pacific Railroad
  87. http://www.trainweb.com/ahs/bah.htm , April 1999
  88. Brown, 278
  89. Ibid., 216
  90. Milner et. Al, 628-629
  91. Stilgoe, as quoted in Historical Overview of the Union Pacific Railroad
  92. Poulson, Barry. Economic History of the United States New York: Macmillan Publishing Company Inc., 1981, 297
  93. Scheiber et.al, 159

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