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Developments During World War 2 - British 4.2-inch
from "The Mortar" by WL Ruffell

 
In 1941 there arose in the British Army a demand for a chemical (gas) mortar and the 4.2-inch (107-mm) was the outcome. However, by November the same year the role was changed to that of HE.

It was at first manned by the Royal Engineers but later by the Royal Artillery, and first appeared in action at El Alamein in 1942. New Zealand Gunners will remember the mortar in Italy where a battery was formed in 1944 from members of 7 Anti-tank Regiment NZA.

Ordnance ML 4.2-inch Mortar:

Length of barrel:   78 inches (198 cm)
Total weight in action:   1210 lbs (550 kg)
Ammunition:   HE and SMK
Weight of bomb:   22 lbs (10.2 kg)
Elevation:   45-80°
Top traverse:   10°
Range:   4100 yards (3750 m)
Rate of fire:   12 rpm
Detachment:   6

ML 4.2-in mortar
Figure 29: Ordnance ML 4.2-in Mortar.

 

Briefly, the 4.2 was an enlarged copy of the 3-inch when first issued. Subsequent modifications included replacement of the bipod with a tripod, and after World War 2 by the provision of a mobile base plate. It is no longer current equipment in British Commonwealth forces but in 1979 was still employed by five other countries.

When New Zealand Gunners formed a mortar battery (16 pieces) in Italy, they found that no range table existed for the equipment! They had to produce one themselves.

Kiwi gunners of J Battery

Figure 30: Mortar No J2.
Kiwi Gunners of 'J' Battery 2NZEF 'somewhere in Italy' 1944. The mortar pictured is the wartime model before modification to mobile.

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