The Palmyra Cove Nature Park (PCNP)
1300 Route 73 North in Palmyra, New Jerseym (until the environmental education
center is complete)
350 acres
Located in a highly developed area on the Delaware River just south of the
Tacony Palmyra Bridge and north of Pennsauken Creek.
Directions:
FROM NEW JERSEY STATE ROUTE 73:
Travel North towards the Tacony-Palmyra Bridge; at the last light before the
bridge at Souder Avenue, make a right; at Temple Boulevard which is the second
street, make a left; just before the Toll Plaza, make a right into the Toll
Building parking lot; travel through the parking lot and remain on the Local
Access Road; at the end of the road, make a left into the Palmyra Cove Nature
Park; the Environmental Discovery Center is located on the right-hand side.
FROM RIVER ROAD (BROAD STREET):
Travel West towards Route 73; at Cinnaminson Avenue, make a right; at Temple
Boulevard where there is a flashing light, make a left; just before the Toll
Plaza, make a right into the Toll Building parking lot; travel through the
parking lot and remain on the Local Access Road; at the end of the road, make a
left into the Palmyra Cove Nature Park; is located on the right-hand side.
History:
Palmyra comes from Palmyra, Syria, "palm trees."
1940s -- dredging material dating from this time used to build the land on which the future preserve was established.
The Palmyra Cove Nature Park was developed in cooperation with the Burlington County Bridge Commission (BCBC), the Tidelands Commission, the NJ Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), Palmyra Historical Society, Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of Coastal Engineering and the Burlington County Freeholders.
1996 -- park dedicated. The area is administered by the Burlington County Bridge Commission.
1999 (October 09) -- the Grand Opening of the Palmyra Cove Nature Park.
2001 (October 30) -- NJDEP Commissioner Bob Shinn, Burlington County Bridge Commissioners John Heimmer and Robert Renshaw, along with several other state, county and local elected officials broke ground on the future environmental education center.
Habitats:
Habitats include dredge spoil areas in varying stages of ecological succession, remnants of original forest, floodplain, freshwater tidal marsh, riparian intertidal zones and 1.6 mile river shore line.
Trails:
The Park has an extensive trail system which begins at the environmental education center.
(Source: http://www.palmyracove.org/; http://www.bcbridges.org/press/index.asp); Karl Anderson
PLANT LIST:
Karl Anderson
Plants noted during a 1999 ecological inventory for the Burlington County Bridge Commission, with some additions from a Philadelphia Botanical Club field trip on August 29, 1999, plus a few random observations.
Scientific nomenclature is generally per Gleason & Cronquist, Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada - Second Edition (New York Botanical Garden, 1991).
English names from a variety of sources.
Note: Species frequency definitions are somewhat subjective, but in general an abundant species is one that is present and easily found in all areas of suitable habitat, and areas of its habitat are extensive. A common species is one that appears to be present at low density in all areas of suitable habitat, but may require some searching; or, plant may be present in good numbers but in only a few locations. An uncommon species is one that is not present in all areas of suitable habitat, but has more than ten individuals or small stations. An occasional species is one for which fewer than ten individuals or small stations were noted. Habitats listed for species are those most typical for the species, or the habitat in which a particular species was actually found, and not necessarily all the habitats in which a species occurs.
Trees:
Acer negundo (box elder) (common; upland and wetland)
Acer platanoides (Norway maple) (uncommon; upland)
Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore maple) (occasional; upland)
Acer rubrum (red maple) (uncommon; upland)
Acer saccharinum (silver maple) (uncommon; upland and wetland)
Ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven) (common; upland)
Albizia julibrissin (mimosa) (uncommon; upland)
Alnus glutinosa (black alder) (occasional; wetland)
Betula nigra (river birch) (uncommon; wetland)
Catalpa bignonioides (common catalpa) (common; upland)
Celtis occidentalis (hackberry) (occasional; upland)
Diospyros virginiana (persimmon) (occasional; upland)
Fraxinus americana (white ash) (common; upland)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica (green ash) (common; upland and wetland)
Gleditsia triacanthos (honey locust) (occasional; upland)
Juglans nigra (black walnut) (occasional; upland)
Juniperus virginiana (red cedar) (occasional; upland)
Koelreuteria paniculata (golden-rain tree) (occasional; upland)
Liriodendron tulipifera (tulip tree) (uncommon; upland)
Morus alba (white mulberry) (common; upland)
Paulownia tomentosa (princess tree) (occasional; upland)
Platanus occidentalis (sycamore) (uncommon; upland and wetland)
Populus deltoides (eastern cottonwood) (common; upland)
Prunus serotina (black cherry) (uncommon; upland)
Pyrus malus (apple) (occasional; upland)
Quercus coccinea (scarlet oak) (occasional; upland)
Quercus falcata (Spanish oak) (occasional; upland)
Quercus marilandica (blackjack oak) (occasional; upland)
Quercus palustris (pin oak) (common; upland and wetland)
Quercus rubra (red oak) (occasional; upland)
Quercus velutina (black oak) (occasional; upland)
Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) (uncommon; upland)
Salix alba (white willow) (occasional; wetland)
Salix babylonica (weeping willow) (uncommon; wetland)
Salix nigra (black willow) (uncommon; wetland)
Sassafras albidum (sassafras) (occasional; upland)
Tilia americana (basswood) (occasional; upland)
Ulmus americana (American elm) (occasional; upland)
Ulmus procera (English elm) (occasional; upland)
Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm) (occasional; upland)
Shrubs and Sub-shrubs:
Alnus serrulata (smooth alder) (occasional; wetland)
Amorpha fruticosa (false indigo) (abundant; wetland)
Cephalanthus occidentalis (buttonbush) (occasional; wetland)
Clethra alnifolia (sweet pepperbush) (occasional; wetland)
Cornus amomum (silky dogwood) (uncommon; wetland)
Ilex verticillata (winterberry) (occasional; wetland)
Lindera benzoin (spicebush) (uncommon; upland)
Lonicera morrowii (Morrow's honeysuckle) (uncommon; upland)
Opuntia humifusa (prickly pear) (occasional; upland)
Philadelphus coronarius (mock orange) (occasional; upland)
Rhus copallina (winged sumac) (uncommon; upland)
Rhus glabra (smooth sumac) (occasional; upland)
Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac) (common; upland)
Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) (common; upland)
Rubus alleghaniensis (Alleghany blackberry) (common; upland)
Rubus cuneifolius (sand blackberry) (uncommon; upland)
Rubus flagellaris (dewberry) (common; upland)
Rubus laciniatus (cut-leaved blackberry) (occasional; upland)
Salix exigua (sandbar willow) (occasional; wetland)
Sambucus canadensis (common elder) (uncommon; wetland)
Viburnum dentatum (arrowwood) (uncommon; upland and wetland)
Viburnum prunifolium (black haw) (uncommon; upland)
Vines:
Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (porcelainberry) (occasional; upland)
Apios americana (groundnut) (uncommon; upland)
Calystegia sepium (hedge bindweed) (common; upland)
Celastrus orbiculatus (Asiatic bittersweet) (common; upland)
Clematis terniflora (yam-leaved clematis) (uncommon; upland)
Cuscuta gronovii (common dodder) (uncommon; upland)
Cuscuta polygonorum (smartweed dodder) (uncommon; wetland)
Dioscorea villosa (wild yamroot) (occasional; upland)
Humulus japonicus (Japanese hops) (common; upland)
Ipomoea hederacea (ivy-leaved morning glory) (common; upland)
Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) (abundant; upland)
Mikania scandens (climbing hempweed) (common; wetland)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper) (common; upland)
Polygonum scandens (climbing false buckwheat) (occasional; upland)
Sicyos angulatus (bur cucumber) (uncommon; upland)
Smilax rotundifolia (common greenbrier) (uncommon; upland)
Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet nightshade) (occasional; upland)
Strophostyles helvula (trailing wild bean) (uncommon; upland)
Strophostyles umbellata (pink wild bean) (occasional; upland)
Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy) (abundant; upland)
Vitis aestivalis (summer grape) (occasional; upland)
Vitis labrusca (fox grape) (occasional; upland)
Vitis riparia (riverbank grape) (common; upland)
Wisteria sp. (wisteria) (occasional; upland)
Broad-leaved Herbs:
Abutilon theophrasti (velvetleaf) (occasional; upland)
Acalypha rhomboidea (three-seeded mercury) (uncommon; upland)
Achillea millefolium (yarrow) (common; upland)
Acorus calamus (sweet flag) (occasional; wetland)
Alisma subcordatum (small water plantain) (common; wetland)
Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) (common; upland)
Allium schoenoprasum (chives) (occasional; upland)
Allium vineale (field garlic) (uncommon; upland)
Amaranthus cannabinus (water hemp) (uncommon; wetland)
Amaranthus retroflexus (green amaranth) (occasional; upland)
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) (common; upland)
Ambrosia trifida (great ragweed) (uncommon; upland)
Anthemis arvensis (field chamomile) (occasional; upland)
Apocynum cannabinum (Indian hemp) (uncommon; upland)
Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress) (uncommon; upland)
Arenaria serpyllifolia (thyme-leaved sandwort) (uncommon; upland)
Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) (uncommon; upland)
Artemisia vulgaris (mugwort) (abundant; upland)
Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed) (uncommon; upland)
Aster pilosus (heath aster) (common; upland)
Baptisia australis (blue wild indigo) (occasional; upland)
Barbarea vulgaris (common wintercress) (occasional; upland)
Bidens bipinnata (Spanish needles) (uncommon; upland)
Bidens frondosa (beggar ticks) (uncommon; wetland)
Bidens laevis (showy bur-marigold) (uncommon; wetland)
Bidens polylepis (Ozark tickseed-sunflower) (uncommon; upland)
Boehmeria cylindrica (false nettle) (common; wetland)
Cardamine concatenata (spring cress) (occasional; wetland)
Cardamine hirsuta (hairy bitter cress) (common; upland)
Carduus nutans (musk thistle) (occasional; upland)
Centaurea maculosa (spotted knapweed) (uncommon; upland)
Cerastium vulgatum (mouse-ear chickweed) (abundant; upland)
Ceratophyllum demersum (hornwort) (uncommon; wetland)
Chamaecrista nictitans (wild sensitive plant) (common; upland)
Chenopodium album (lamb's quarters) (common; upland)
Chenopodium ambrosioides (Mexican tea) (common; upland)
Cicorium intybus (chicory ) (common; upland)
Chondrilla juncea (skeleton weed) (occasional; upland)
Cicuta maculata (water hemlock) (occasional; wetland)
Circaea lutetiana (enchanter's nightshade) (occasional; upland)
Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) (common; upland)
Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle) (uncommon; upland)
Cleome hassleriana (spider flower) (occasional; upland)
Commelina communis (Asiatic dayflower) (uncommon; upland)
Convallaria majalis (lily of the valley) (occasional; upland)
Conyza canadensis (horseweed) (abundant; upland)
Coronilla varia (crown vetch) (common; upland)
Crepis capillaris (smooth hawksbeard) (occasional; upland)
Croton glandulosus (glandular croton) (occasional; upland)
Cycloloma atriplicifolium (winged pigweed) (occasional; upland)
Datura stramonium (jimson weed) (occasional; upland)
Datura wrightii (Indian apple) (occasional; upland)
Daucus carota (wild carrot) (uncommon; upland)
Desmodium glabellum (Dillen's tick-trefoil) (occasional; upland)
Diodea teres (buttonweed) (common; upland)
Elodea canadensis (common water-weed) (uncommon; wetland)
Erigeron annuus (daisy fleabane) (common; upland)
Erodium cicutarium (storksbill) (uncommon; upland)
Eupatorium dubium (eastern Joe-Pye weed) (uncommon; wetland)
Eupatorium fistulosum (hollow-stemmed Joe-Pye weed) (occasional;
wetland)
Eupatorium hyssopifolium (hyssop-leaved thoroughwort) (common;
upland)
Eupatorium perfoliatum (boneset) (uncommon; wetland)
Eupatorium rugosum (white snakeroot) (common; upland)
Eupatorium serotinum (late-flowering thoroughwort) (common;
upland)
Euphorbia maculata (milk purslane) (uncommon; upland)
Euphorbia nutans (eyebane) (uncommon; upland)
Euthamia graminifolia (grass-leaved goldenrod) (uncommon; upland)
Froelichia gracilis (cottonweed) (common; upland)
Galinsoga quadriradiata (hairy galinsoga) (uncommon; upland)
Galium aparine (cleavers) (uncommon; upland)
Geranium carolinianum (Carolina cranesbill) (uncommon; upland)
Glechoma hederacea (gill over the ground) (common; upland)
Gnaphalium obtusifolium (sweet everlasting) (uncommon; upland)
Gratiola neglecta (hedge hyssop) (occasional; wetland)
Helianthus annuus (common sunflower) (occasional; upland)
Helianthus decapetalus (thin-leaved sunflower) (uncommon; upland)
Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) (uncommon; upland)
Hemerocallis fulva (tawny daylily) (uncommon; upland)
Heteranthera reniformis (mud plantain) (common; wetland)
Heterotheca subaxillaris (camphorweed) (abundant; upland)
Hibiscus moscheutos (swamp rose mallow) (uncommon; wetland)
Hibiscus trionum (flower of an hour) (uncommon; upland)
Hosta ventricosa (blue plantain-lily) (occasional; wetland)
Hydrocotyle sp. (water pennywort) (occasional; wetland)
Hypericum mutilum (dwarf Saint John's-wort) (uncommon; wetland)
Hypericum punctatum (spotted Saint John's-wort) (occasional;
upland)
Hypochoeris radicata (cat's-ear) (occasional; upland)
Impatiens capensis (spotted touch-me-not) (common; wetland)
Iris pseudacorus (yellow flag) (occasional; wetland)
Iris versicolor (blue flag) (occasional; wetland)
Krigia virginica (dwarf dandelion) (uncommon; upland)
Lactuca biennis (tall blue lettuce) (occasional; upland)
Lactuca canadensis (wild lettuce) (occasional; upland)
Lactuca serriola (prickly lettuce) (common; upland)
Lamium amplexicaule (henbit) (common; upland)
Lamium purpureum (purple dead-nettle) (common; upland)
Laportea canadensis (wood nettle) (uncommon; upland)
Lathyrus venosus (veiny pea) (occasional; upland)
Lemna minor (lesser duckweed) (uncommon; wetland)
Lepidium virginicum (pepper grass) (uncommon; upland)
Lespedeza capitata (round-headed bush-clover) (uncommon; upland)
Lespedeza cuneata (silky bush-clover) (common; upland)
Linaria canadensis (blue toadflax) (uncommon; upland)
Lindernia dubia (water pimpernel) (uncommon; wetland)
Ludwigia palustris (water purslane) (uncommon; wetland)
Ludwigia peploides (creeping primrose-willow) (uncommon; wetland)
Lycopus americanus (cut-leaved water-horehound) (occasional;
wetland)
Lycopus europaeus (European water-horehound) (occasional; wetland)
Lycopus virginicus (Virginia bugleweed) (occasional; wetland)
Lysimachia ciliata (fringed loosestrife) (uncommon; wetland)
Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) (abundant; wetland)
Medicago lupulina (black medick) (uncommon; upland)
Melilotus alba (white sweet clover) (uncommon; upland)
Melilotus officinalis (yellow sweet clover) (uncommon; upland)
Mimulus ringens (square-stemmed monkey-flower) (occasional;
wetland)
Mirabilis nyctaginea (wild four o'clock) (uncommon; upland)
Mollugo verticillata (carpetweed) (common; upland)
Myosotis micrantha (blue scorpion-grass) (common; upland)
Nuphar advena (southern pond lily) (abundant; wetland)
Nymphaea odorata (white water lily ) (uncommon; wetland)
Oenothera biennis (evening primrose) (uncommon; upland)
Oxalis stricta (yellow wood sorrel) (common; upland)
Peltandra virginica (arrow arum) (common; wetland)
Phytolacca americana (pokeweed) (uncommon; upland)
Pilea pumila (clearweed) (uncommon; wetland)
Plantago aristata (bracted plantain) (common; upland)
Plantago lanceolata (English plantain) (abundant; upland)
Plantago major (common plantain) (common; upland)
Polygonum arenastrum (dooryard knotweed) (uncommon; upland)
Polygonum aviculare (common knotweed) (uncommon; upland)
Polygonum cespitosum (cespitose knotweed) (common; upland)
Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed) (abundant; upland)
Polygonum lapathifolium (nodding smartweed) (common; wetland)
Polygonum orientale (prince's feather) (occasional; wetland)
Polygonum pensylvanicum (pink knotweed) (common; wetland)
Polygonum persicaria (lady's-thumb) (uncommon; upland)
Polygonum punctatum (dotted smartweed) (abundant; wetland)
Polygonum sagittatum (arrow-leaved tearthumb) (occasional;
wetland)
Pontederia cordata (pickerelweed) (common; wetland)
Portulaca oleracea (purslane) (occasional; upland)
Potamogeton crispus (curly pondweed) (uncommon; wetland)
Potentilla norvegica (rough cinquefoil) (occasional; upland)
Ranunculus abortivus (kidney-leaved buttercup) (occasional;
upland)
Ranunculus ficaria (lesser celandine) (occasional; wetland)
Ranunculus sceleratus (cursed crowfoot) (uncommon; wetland)
Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) (occasional; upland)
Rorippa palustris (marsh yellow cress) (common; wetland)
Rudbeckia laciniata (tall coneflower) (common; wetland)
Rumex crispus (curled dock) (occasional; upland)
Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) (occasional; upland)
Rumex verticillatus (water dock) (occasional; wetland)
Sagittaria latifolia (broad-leaved arrowhead) (uncommon; wetland)
Sagittaria spatulata (tidal arrowhead) (occasional; wetland)
Saponaria officinalis (soapwort) (common; upland)
Scleranthus annuus (knawel) (common; upland)
Scutellaria lateriflora (mad-dog skullcap) (uncommon; wetland)
Silene antirrhina (sleepy catchfly) (occasional; upland)
Silene latifolia (white campion) (uncommon; upland)
Sium suave (water parsnip) (occasional; wetland)
Solanum carolinense (horse nettle) (occasional; upland)
Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) (uncommon; upland)
Solidago canadensis var. scabra (Canada goldenrod) (common;
upland)
Solidago gigantea (late goldenrod) (occasional; upland)
Solidago rugosa (rough-stemmed goldenrod) (common; upland)
Solidago sempervirens (seaside goldenrod) (occasional; upland)
Spergula morisonii (pearlwort spurrey) (uncommon; upland)
Spirodela polyrhiza (greater duckweed) (uncommon; wetland)
Stachys tenuifolia (smooth hedge-nettle) (occasional; wetland)
Stellaria aquatica (water chickweed) (occasional; wetland)
Stellaria media (common chickweed) (common; upland)
Taraxacum laevigatum (red-seeded dandelion) (occasional; upland)
Taraxacum officinale (common dandelion) (uncommon; upland)
Teucrium canadense (American germander) (uncommon; wetland)
Thalictrum pubescens (tall meadow rue) (uncommon; upland)
Tradescantia virginiana (spiderwort) (occasional; upland)
Tragopogon dubius (goat's-beard) (occasional; upland)
Trifolium arvense (rabbit-foot clover) (common; upland)
Trifolium campestre (low hop clover) (occasional; upland)
Trifolium hybridum (alsike clover) (uncommon; upland)
Trifolium pratense (red clover) (common; upland)
Trifolium repens (white clover) (common; upland)
Triodanis perfoliata (Venus' looking-glass) (uncommon; upland)
Typha angustifolia (narrow-leaved cat-tail) (common; wetland)
Typha latifolia (broad-leaved cat-tail) (common; wetland)
Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) (abundant; upland)
Verbascum phlomoides (clasping-leaved mullein) (occasional;
upland)
Verbascum thapsus (common mullein) (uncommon; upland)
Verbena hastata (blue vervain) (occasional; wetland)
Verbena urticifolia (white vervain) (occasional; upland)
Verbesina alternifolia (wingstem) (uncommon; wetland)
Vernonia noveboracensis (New York ironweed) (uncommon; wetland)
Veronica anagallis-aquatica (water speedwell) (occasional;
wetland)
Veronica arvensis (corn speedwell) (uncommon; upland)
Veronica hederaefolia (ivy-leaved speedwell) (uncommon; upland)
Veronica peregrina (purslane speedwell) (uncommon; upland)
Vicia angustifolia (narrow-leaved vetch) (uncommon; upland)
Vicia grandiflora (large-flowered vetch) (occasional; upland)
Viola arvensis (European field pansy) (uncommon; upland)
Xanthium strumarium (common clotbur) (uncommon; upland)
Grasses:
Agrostis gigantea (red-top) (uncommon; upland)
Agrostis hyemalis (ticklegrass) (occasional; upland)
Aira caryophyllea (silvery hair-grass) (common; upland)
Andropogon virginicus (broomsedge) (uncommon; upland)
Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal grass) (abundant; upland)
Aristida dichotoma (poverty three-awn) (uncommon; upland)
Aristida oligantha (prairie three-awn) (uncommon; upland)
Bromus hordeaceus (soft chess) (common; upland)
Bromus inermis (Hungarian brome) (common; upland)
Bromus japonicus (Japanese brome) (abundant; upland)
Bromus tectorum (downy brome) (abundant; upland)
Cenchrus longispinus (common sandbur) (uncommon; upland)
Chloris verticillata (windmill grass) (uncommon; upland)
Cinna arundinacea (common wood-reed) (uncommon; upland)
Dactylis glomerata (orchard grass) (common; upland)
Digitaria ischaemum (small crab-grass) (common; upland)
Digitaria sanguinalis (large crab-grass) (common; upland)
Echinochloa crusgalli (barnyard grass) (uncommon; wetland)
Echinochloa muricata (American barnyard grass) (uncommon; wetland)
Echinochloa walteri (salt marsh cockspur grass) (occasional ;
wetland)
Eleusine indica (goose grass) (common; upland)
Elymus virginicus (Virginia wild rye) (uncommon; upland)
Elytrigia repens (quackgrass) (uncommon; upland)
Eragrostis cilianensis (stink-grass) (occasional; upland)
Eragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass) (occasional; upland)
Eragrostis hirsuta (hairy lovegrass) (uncommon; upland; first
location for N.J.)
Eragrostis pectinacea (Carolina lovegrass) (uncommon; upland)
Eragrostis spectabilis (purple lovegrass) (uncommon; upland)
Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) (common; upland)
Leersia oryzoides (rice cut-grass) (uncommon; wetland)
Leptoloma cognatum (fall witch-grass) (common; upland)
Microstegium vimineum (stiltgrass) (common; upland)
Muhlenbergia schreberi (nimblewill) (occasional; upland)
Panicum amarulum (southern beach panic-grass) (occasional; upland)
Panicum anceps (beaked panic-grass) (occasional; upland)
Panicum clandestinum (deertongue grass) (common; upland)
Panicum dichotomiflorum (spreading panic-grass) (common; upland)
Panicum leucothrix (matting panic-grass) (occasional; upland)
Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) (common; upland)
Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass) (common; upland and
wetland)
Phragmites australis (common reed) (abundant; upland and wetland)
Poa annua (annual bluegrass) (common; upland)
Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) (common; upland)
Setaria faberi (nodding foxtail) (uncommon; upland)
Setaria glauca (yellow foxtail) (uncommon; upland)
Sporobolus vaginiflorus (sheathed dropseed) (uncommon; upland)
Tridens flavus (purpletop) (occasional; upland)
Vulpia myuros (rat-tail fescue) (abundant; upland)
Vulpia octoflora (six week's fescue) (abundant; upland)
Zizania aquatica (wild rice) (common; wetland)
Sedges and Rushes:
Carex lurida (sallow sedge) (common; wetland)
Carex scoparia (pointed broom sedge) (occasional; wetland)
Carex tribuloides (blunt broom sedge) (occasional; wetland)
Cyperus brevifolioides (short-leaved cyperus) (uncommon; upland)
Cyperus esculentus (yellow cyperus) (occasional; wetland)
Cyperus erythrorhizos (red-rooted cyperus) (abundant; wetland)
Cyperus grayi (Gray's cyperus) (uncommon; upland)
Cyperus lupulinus (slender cyperus) (uncommon; upland)
Cyperus strigosus (straw-colored cyperus) (uncommon; wetland)
Eleocharis flavescens (pale spike-rush) (common; wetland)
Eleocharis ovata (blunt spike-rush) (common; wetland)
Juncus acuminatus (sharp-fruited rush) (occasional; wetland)
Juncus effusus (common rush) (common; wetland)
Juncus tenuis (path rush) (abundant; upland)
Scirpus cyperinus (wool-grass) (common; wetland)
Scirpus pungens (common threesquare) (common; wetland)
Ferns and Fern Allies:
Equisetum arvense (field horsetail) (common; upland)
Onoclea sensibilis (sensitive fern) (common; upland and wetland)