1854

JANUARY

1 January 1854. A clear and beautiful day, moderate in the morning but cold in the afternoon and evening. There was a heavy fall of snow last night so that every thing wears quite a winter aspect and the every ring of the sleigh bells may be heard through our streets. We have had several falls of snow during the past week, the first on Tuesday night and also one on Thursday and Thursday night, so that the sleighing is now excellent. As the snow was so deep this morning concluded not to go to church.

In the afternoon about 1/2 past 3 Mary Borden and I called down at the Guard House to see Mr. and Mrs. Pearson (late Mrs. D. Williams) and Miss C. Williams from College Hill, Ohio. Mrs. Williams was married to Mr. Pearson a few days since, her former husband not having been dead a year yet. A great mark of respect to his memory surely. Were disappointed in not seeing them, they having left for New York yesterday, we only knew of their arrival through the paper's report of arrivals.

After leaving the hotel called up to see Cousin[s] Lydia and Gainor Roberts, found them at home and well. Also met Mrs. N.T. Clapp and her daughter Lydia there. Spent the evening at home.

2 January 1854. Clear and pleasant and quite cold. Good sleighing. And the good folks of our city seem to make good use of it. I regret very much my horse is out of town for the winter.

Was at the office until towards 2 p.m. attending to various matters. At about 2 p.m. went up home to dinner. Ma, Lydia, Mr. Maginnis and Mrs. Elizabeth Ware and her little daughter Mary dined with us. Dinner on the table about 4. Was not out during the remainder of the day or evening.

Lehman Roberts came up in the evening for his sister Elizabeth Ware, and left at about 1/2 past 10 p.m. Ma remained with us all night. The walking today was very dangerous on account of the icy state of the side walks. I bought myself a pair of "creepers" and found them to answer admirably.

3 January 1854. Clear all day, but with rather a hazy atmosphere. The weather moderated considerably and made sad havoc on the north and south streets with the sleighing. The omnibus sleighs however run full, and with heavy loads. The occupants seemed to enjoy their cheap "sleigh ride."

Miss Cornelia Williams of College Hill called today upon Carrie and Mary Borden. It appears she did not go to New York on Saturday last as we supposed but she and her mother and stepfather went to the "Eagle Hotel" where a friend, Mrs. R.L. Nichols, was staying and with whom she called today. Her parents went to New York yesterday to remain a short time. She stated she may remain during the winter.

At the office during the day, and in the evening at home.

4 January 1854. Clear but moderate very much causing quite a thaw. The sleighs however still continue to be seen on our streets. The Schuylkill River has been frozen for some time and the ice cutters are now busy reaping their winter harvest.

At the office during the day, and in the evening at home. The walking was dreadful throughout the day, and the day quite warm.

5 January 1854. Cloudy all day, and a general thaw prevailed doing away with the sleighing entirely, the streets and walking were in an awful condition, making gum shoes in great demand.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home. Mrs. Fitzwater, our opposite neighbor, spent the day and evening and took dinner and tea with us. Her husband also came over to tea and spent the evening. We amused ourselves playing whist in the evening. They left at about 1/2 past 11 p.m. Mrs. Fitzwater is quite a pleasant lady, not attractive as regards to personal beauty on first acquaintance, but improves much on further acquaintance. She has a fine eye, handsome complexion, hair and hand. Mr. Fitzwater appeared to be quite pleasant improving on acquaintance; this was my first introduction to them.

6 January 1854. Cloudy and very foggy during the morning. Towards noon the fog cleared off and it became much cooler and at dusk had the appearance of clearing. The snow has almost entirely disappeared, though the crossings are very bad yet.

At the office all day. Evening at home. Jacob F. Hoeckley died on the 4th inst.

7 January 1854. Clear and quite cold all day and evening. The walking is again good, and the streets assume a level appearance. It got very cold towards dark.

At the office all day, went up home to dinner at 1/2 past 5, and remained home the rest of the day. Spent the evening reading and writing.

8 January 1854. Clear and quite cold, ice made throughout the day.

At Church of Atonement in the morning with Carrie and Mary Borden, and in the afternoon with Mary. Mr. Goddard preached both times. In the evening Carrie, Mary and I called down at the "Eagle Hotel" in 3rd Street above Race to see Miss Cornelia Williams from College Hill, Ohio. Found her at home and well. Also saw Mrs. R.L. Nichols (a friend of Miss Williams), quite a pleasant lady. Left at about 1/2 past 9 and walked home. Evening beautiful and moonlight.

9 January 1854. Clear and very cold all day. Evening clear and moonlight.

At the office all day, and in the evening went down to the Walnut Street Theater with O.A. Davis to see the Ravels in the Ballet entitled Parquita in which Mlle. Yrca Mathias performed the principal character. She is not very pretty but beautifully formed and a very graceful dancer. I was much pleased with her performance. The entertainment concluded with comic military ballet of the Soldier for Love, quite an amusing and laughable performance. The house was crowded to excess, and with a very genteel audience. Met there Messrs. S.A. Mitchell Jr., John H. Chambers and Andrew Cattell. After the theater was out we adjourned to a Restaurant and got some oysters, punch, &c. After which all went home.

Up at 7 a.m. and to bed at about 12 p.m.

10 January 1854. Clear and cold but much more moderate than the last few days. Evening clear and moonlight.

At the office all day and in the evening at home. Our neighbor, Mrs. Fitzwater left the house opposite today, which we regret very much, as we found her very pleasant and agreeable.

Lydia was very sick last night occasioned by a miscarriage, though she is better to day.

The Schuylkill River has been frozen for some days, & the skating is now very fine upon it.

11 January 1854. Cloudy the greater part of the day with some rain in the morning which caused the pavements to be covered with sleet. Also rained during the evening.

At the office all day. Evening at home reading and writing.

12 January 1854. Cloudy and raining the greater part of the day, had several very heavy showers of rain in the course of the day. The atmosphere is quite mild and spring like causing the ice in the streets to disappear very rapidly.

At the office all day, and in the evening I called down to see Lydia, it having cleared off, and was quite pleasant and moonlight. Lydia is still in bed but rather better. Ma and Mr. Maginnis were quite well. Left at about 1/4 past 10.

13 January 1854. A clear beautiful and spring like day, through the afternoon a little cloudy, and with some rain in the evening.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home drafting a deed 8th Street M.E. Church to William Jarden writing order of search &c.

14 January 1854. Clear through the greater part of the day. Evening rather cloudy.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home. Up at 6 a.m. and went to market.

15 January 1854. Clear and quite mild all day. Evening cloudy.

At Church of Atonement in the morning with Carrie and Mary Borden. In the afternoon took little Ida walking. She appeared much delighted with going today with papa. Called up to see Miss Hannah Benton in 11th Street above Wallace but found she had gone to Mobile on the 8th or 9th of November last to spend the winter with her sister. Saw Mrs. Benton and her niece. Remained a short time and then called around to see Miss Louisa Snyder and Mr. & Mrs. J.F. Smith. Found them at home and well, also saw Amelia Smith who has grown very much since I saw her last.

After leaving there went over to see Mr. & Mrs. Vincent Smith. Found them at home also their little daughter Netty who can now just walk. Remained a short time and then went home. The walk was quite an undertaking for little Ida, being nearly 3 miles, and the largest walk I think she has ever taken. She did not complain of being tired.

Miss Cornelia Williams, of College Hall, Hamilton County, Ohio, a friend of Mary Borden's, took dinner & tea with us and spent the afternoon & part of the evening. She appeared to be very unwell with a bad headache, sore throat &c. A Mr. Bullock called for her in the evening & she left at about 1/2 past 8.

16 January 1854. Cloudy, damp with the appearance of rain all day, had some rain in the evening.

At the office all day and in the evening went down with Carrie & Mary Borden to see Ma & Lydia. Lydia is sitting up for the 1st time today & is much better. Remained until about 10, then returned home, after which I brought up my journal, looked over some papers and accounts & then to bed.

17 January 1854. Cloudy, rainy and unpleasant all day, towards evening cleared off cold. At the office all day, evening at home writing.

18 January 1854. Cloudy, raw and cold with some snow. At the office all day. In the evening at the Logan Building Association it being our 4th annual meeting and the annual election night.

19 January 1854. Cloudy, raw, cold and unpleasant during the day. About 7 3/4 p.m. commenced snowing & hailing which continued, I presume, through the night.

At the office all day, evening at home.

20 January 1854. The ground was covered with snow this morning, and in a short time the walking became very sloppy and unpleasant from the melting of the snow which soon disappeared. The weather was mild, cloudy and foggy, evening raw and cold and quite foggy.

At the office all day, and in the evening went to Julien's Concert with Carrie and Mary Borden. The hall was crowded, and we were much delighted with the performance. Met Miss Amanda Boker and her brother William, Miss Lizzy Roberts, Mr. & Mrs. A.C. Craig and others with whom we were acquainted. The whole was quite a brilliant affair and we came away, well pleased.

21 January 1854. Rained hard early in the morning, balance of the day until about 4 p.m. cloudy and unpleasant, when it cleared off quite cold, in fact very cold, & throughout the night blew a tremendous gale.

At the office all day. Went up to dinner at 5 p.m., and 1/2 past 6 returned to the office to meet Percival Roberts by engagement to attend the Walnut Street Theater to see the Ravel Family; and Mlle. Yrca Mathias, the great Russian dancer. The performance commenced with a farce by the Walnut Street company entitled He's not a Miss, quite an amusing and laughable affair. We then had some excellent tight rope dancing by Francois Ravel, Mons Blodin (with baskets on his feet), Lem Javelli and Mme. Axel. The whole concluded with the Magic comic pantomime of Red Gnome, and Wild Warrior, which was very amusing and full of astonishing feats and tricks.

After the Theater was out went up to [Henry] Mintons in 12th below Walnut and had some oysters and punch. Met Lehman Roberts there. He walked with Perse and I as far as Broad and Walnut Streets when we parted, and Perse & I went [to] our homes. Found Carrie and Mary waiting up for me. They ate some fried oysters that I brought home for them. Went to bed at about 1/2 past 12.

Up at 6 1/4 a.m. and went to market.

22 January 1854. Clear and very cold all day and during the evening.

At Church of Atonement in the morning with Carrie. Mr. Goddard preached a charity sermon, a very severe but truthful sermon, upon our extravagance & neglect of charities. Afternoon and evening at home. Ma came in about 1/4 past 5, took tea and spent the evening with us. Mr. Maginnis came for her about 1/4 past 9.

23 January 1854. Clear and cold all day and evening. At the office all day, and in the evening at home writing.

24 January 1854. Clear and exceedingly cold all day. The Schuylkill River is again frozen, and fine skating upon it. At the office all day and in the evening at home writing.

25 January 1854. Clear early in the morning but clouded over toward noon, and in the evening had some snow. Quite cold early in the morning but moderated towards night.

At the office all day. Went down to Mr. Andrew C. Cattell's to tea. Carrie got there before me, but Mary Borden was unable to go on account of a bad stye upon her eye, which we regretted very much. Mr. & Mrs. John H. Chambers, Miss Mary Chambers, Miss Emma Equer and Edward J. Maginnis were there. Ma & Lydia were invited but were not there on account of Lydia not being yet well enough to go out. Mr. Ned Wendry and Mr. Baugh came in during the evening. Had a good supper and spent a very pleasant evening, left at abut 11 1/4.

Little Harry Cattell is becoming quite interesting. He seems to understand everything that is said to him, says most anything of one syllable, and behaved very well for a child of his age (say 14 months). He has walked for some time.

Went up as far as 16th Street and Arch in the omnibus. The Chambers went up in the same coach, as far as their house in Chestnut Street below 15th Street.

26 January 1854. Cloudy damp and unpleasant all day. The ground was covered with snow and sleet this morning making the walking very unpleasant. At the office all day. Evening at home examining some title papers.

27 January 1854. Cloudy during the morning and quite mild in the latter part of the afternoon when it cleared off and became quite cold again.

At the office until about 11 1/2 a.m. At the Recorders office the rest of the day examining title of property No. 24 S. 3rd Street. Evening at home reading and writing.

28 January 1854. Clear but quite cold all day.

At the office through the day and in the evening at home reading and writing. Mary Borden was around at Cousin Lizzy Roberts to tea this evening.

29 January 1854. Rather cloudy and quite raw and cold all day. Not feeling very well did not go out all day or in the evening.

30 January 1854. Cloudy, raw and cold all day with the appearance of snow. At the office all day. Evening at home.

31 January 1854. Clear and pleasant all day. At the office through the day, and in the evening at home writing.

FEBRUARY

1 February 1854. Cloudy with some rain during the early part of the morning. Towards 11 a.m. cleared off & the atmosphere was as mild as a May morning.

At the office during the day. And in the evening Carrie and I went up to a small company given by Mrs. Vincent (or Kate) Smith. There were about 30 there, and though not very well acquainted, spent rather a pleasant evening. Part of the company spent the evening dancing, playing on the piano &c. &c. Met Miss Potts, Mr. and Mrs. Weame??? (formerly Miss Rosen), Michael Storms and some few others with whom I was acquainted. Mary Borden was not able to accompany us, being taken quite sick just before we started. Left at about 12 1/2 a.m.

2 February 1854. A clear, mild and I might say almost a summer like day. An overcoat was unnecessary and it seemed as if the seasons had made a leap from midwinter to June. Towards about 7 p.m. the wind got around to the Eastward and it got rather cooler.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home, writing & making a plan of some West Philadelphia plots for Dr. Pancoast.⁽¹⁾

3 February 1854. It got quite cold during the night and this morning the waking eye was met by a snow storm instead of the Spring like weather of yesterday. It was very cold and the snow continued to fall rapidly until about 10 a.m. when it ceased. Between 11 & 12 o'clock the clouds disappeared rapidly, and the sun shone forth brightly.

I got up this morning at 5 a.m., dressed, and had my breakfast at 6. Shortly after, bid Carrie, Ida, Mary & the girls good bye, and faced the storm down as far as the office. After leaving some deeds &c. went up to the Union Hotel in Arch Street above 3rd. The excursion passengers were to start in omnibuses for the Kensington Rail Road depot to participate in the celebration of the opening of the Belvidere Delaware Rail Road from Lambertville N.J. to Easton Pa. As the morning was so very unpleasant and stormy, and not being able to see Messrs. Maginnis, Cattell and some others I expected at the Hotel, I had almost given up the idea of starting, but as I thought I might meet with them at the depot concluded to go up.

Upon arrival at the Kensington depot was obliged to stand out in the cold for a considerable length of time, as they would not permit us to enter the car house for shelter. This, however, is nothing unusual for the Trenton R.R. or Camden and Amboy Company to do. I believe they universally treat their passengers badly. There was considerable dissatisfaction expressed at the treatment.

We got started by 20 min. of 9 a.m. with 12 large passenger cars. At 10 we arrived at Trenton N.J. after stopping a short time at the junction of the Philadelphia, Trenton, and Belvidere Rail Roads where two additional cars were added containing the Governor, Heads of Departments, members of the New Jersey legislature, and the citizens of Trenton. The road, which was formally opened, is 54 miles in length extending from Trenton to Easton, or rather Phillipsburg on the New Jersey side of the Delaware opposite Easton. That portion from Trenton to Lambertville, 16 miles in length, was opened in August 1852.

The road has a single track, which is laid in the most substantial manner, through a beautiful & picturesque country. From one end to the other it skirts the river Delaware, and the many objects which present themselves are attractive and interesting. The towns through which it passes are Yardleyville, 4 miles from Trenton, Taylorsville, 8 miles, Titusville, 10 miles, Lambertville 16 miles, Centre Bridge, 22 miles, Frenchtown, 34 miles, Milford, 38 miles, Rieglesville 46 miles, Carpentersville, 49 miles, and Phillipsburg 54 miles from Trenton.

At about 10 m. past 1, we arrived at Phillipsburg opposite Easton. Here, each wearing a badge we formed a procession headed by our band of music. Upon crossing the bridge we were received by the authorities of Easton, and marched through several streets, and were finally conducted to the Masonic Hall, where a dinner had been prepared for the guests in both the upper & lower saloons. But there being so many of us, say 800 to 1000, it was impossible for all to be helped. There were plenty of provisions, but because of the crowd it was difficult to get at them. We concluded to get our dinner at a hotel.

I was fortunate in meeting all our party in the cars which consisted of Messrs. A.C. Cattell, E.J. Maginnis, James H. Prichett, Louis Baugh & Cogshall. I was introduced to a Mr. Nat Leger, who was quite a lively fellow, and was with us part of the time. We spent the afternoon running around town, stopping in to see several of Maginnis' customers &c. &c., and at about 6 p.m. took supper. After which went down to the barber shop and fixed up to go to the ball.

I took a nap of about an hour and a half before going to the ball. Entered the ball room at about 1/2 past 8 and through the kindness of Mr. Cogshall our time was made to pass very agreeably. He was acquainted with quite a number of the Easton ladies to whom he introduced us so we had partners for the dance. I was introduced to the elder Miss Mickler (daughter of the President of the Bank) a very interesting, agreeable and ladylike young lady. Also a Miss Burnett, Miss Cook, Miss Mixsell,⁽²⁾ and Miss Titus. The music was very fine, and we continued dancing until 1/2 past 3 a.m. when the ball broke up.

After bidding the ladies farewell, retired to our miserable room about 4 a.m. Mr. Maginnis & I slept in one bed, and Messrs Baugh, Cogshall & Prichett in another. Mr. Cattell slept at Mr. Reeders, a relative. Slept tolerable well, though I was somewhat disturbed by some one beating a drum through the house some time before daylight which was rather annoying.

4 February 1854. Clear and quite cold all day. Got up this morning at about 8 o'clock somewhat refreshed. Left Cogshall & Prichett in bed as they do not intend going down until this afternoon. Got a poor breakfast and at 1/4 of 10 a.m. left Phillipsburg for Philadelphia in company with Cattell, Maginnis & Baugh, and some 400 or 500 others of the delegation. About 300 or 400 went down yesterday afternoon.

Had a delightful ride, and arrived at Kensington at about 1/2 past 2. Remained there until about 6 and then went up home. Found all well, got a good supper and at about 8 o'clock went to bed feeling very much fatigued.

5 February 1854. Clear and rather cold all day.

At Church of Atonement in the morning alone. Carrie or Mary did not go both being not very well. Mr. Goddard gave us a very excellent sermon. In the afternoon, after dinner, took Ida down with me to see Ma, found her just going to Church. Went in and saw Mr. Maginnis & Lydia and waited for her return. Left at about 1/2 past 5 and went home. Evening at home.

6 February 1854. Clear and pleasant. Evening moonlight. At the office all day and in the evening at home writing.

7 February 1854. Cloudy the greater part of the day. Evening cloudy. At the office all day. Evening at home writing.

8 February 1854. Snowed quite hard last night and this morning. When I got up the ground was covered with snow but raining hard which made bad walking. The rain continued but little intermission throughout the day and evening, and by about 12 M. the snow had nearly all disappeared.

At the recorders office the greater part of the day examining a title. About 4 p.m. went over to West Philadelphia to see James Miller, the surveyor, upon some business. After waiting about an hour succeeded in seeing him. Returned home about 7, and spent the evening writing.

9 February 1854. A clear and magnificent day, warm and springlike. Evening clear and moonlight.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home until about 1/4 past 9, when I went over to a party given by Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Prichett at S.E. corner of Arch and 19th Streets. Carrie could not accompany me on account of a severe sore throat, and Mary Borden did not go as she did not like to go without Carrie. She also had a very sore foot which would have prevented her from dancing. Mr. Maginnis and Lydia were there, but Ma was not on account of being taken very sick last night. The Dr. thought it prudent that she not go out. I did not meet nearly so many as I expected. In fact, Mrs. Prichett had a great many regrets, which I was very sorry to see, as every thing was got up in handsome style and the supper was very elegant with champaign, terrapins, oysters, chicken salad, &c. &c. There was some dancing, waltzing &c. and left at 1/4 of 1 a.m.

10 February 1854. Clear and mild until towards the latter part of the afternoon when it became much colder. Evening clear & moonlight. At the office all day, & in the evening at home.

11 February 1854. Clear and rather cold but pleasant all day. Evening moonlight but cloudy.

At the office all day, and in the evening went down to see Ma, who has been quite unwell for some days. She appears rather better this evening, but by no means well. She has a bad eruption upon the head which at times gives much pain. Left at about 1/2 past 9.

12 February 1854. Cloudy for the greater part of the day & evening. The sun came out for a short time during the middle of the day.

About 1/2 past 9 a.m. Carrie, Ida, Mary Borden & I took a ride out to Mrs. Miller's⁽³⁾ on Chestnut Hill to see about engaging board for the summer season. Did not find her at home and was obliged to wait about an hour and a half. Found the ride very cold, as the atmosphere was rather damp and raw.

Mrs. Miller returned about 1/2 past 12, and showed us the rooms which were all very nice, clean and pleasant. We were much pleased with the place except in one thing, which was that the house stood immediately upon the street or road with no garden before it, and it had too much the appearance of town. However we did not make up our mind whether we would take rooms or not. Mrs. Miller appears to be a very pleasant & accommodating lady. Returned home about 2 p.m. after a pleasant ride but rather cold.

Afternoon at home. In the evening Carrie, Mary and I went down to see Ma at Lydia's. Found them all at home. Ma was rather better than last evening. Left at about 1/2 past 10.

13 February 1854. Cloudy, rainy & unpleasant all day & evening. At the office all day and in the evening at home.

14 February 1854. Clear and pleasant all day. Towards evening clouded over and after dark had some rain.

At the office all day. After tea Carrie, Mary Borden and I started down to the La Pierre House to see Mr. and Mrs. dLadd of Honesdale, Pennsylvania, but it coming on to rain as we got to 16th & Arch Streets concluded to return. Spent the balance of the evening writing.

15 February 1854. Cloudy, raw, rainy & disagreeable weather.

At the office during the morning. Went up to dinner at 3 & did not return to the office, having some little business to attend to in the Western part of the City.

After tea went around to the monthly meeting of the Logan Building Association. Remained there until 1/2 past 9, then returned home. Much to my surprise found Mary Borden had gone to a party at Mr. and Mrs. William C. Boker's, which I did not think would take place until tomorrow evening. Took a nap, then changed my dress & at 1/2 past 11 p.m. went down to the Boker's. Found quite a gay party there of about 50. A short time after I arrived they had a very fine supper. There were quite a number of very pretty ladies there among whom were the Misses Old, Miss Williamson & others whose names I do not remember. Left at about 1 a.m.

16 February 1854. Commenced snowing last night & continued until about 10 a.m., covering the ground to the depth of a couple of inches and making walking hard. Towards night cleared off.

At the office all day & in the evening on the sofa & went to bed at 10 1/2.

17 February 1854. Clear and quite cold all day.

At the office all day, and in the evening went to the Walnut Street Theater to see the Ravel family, and the great dancer Mlle. Yrca Mathias. The performance commenced with a new farce, entitled Trying It On which I did not think much of. It was followed by the new ballet of Bella, La Parquerette, which was well played and quite amusing. The whole concluded with the comic pantomime of the Green Monster, which was full of fun and good tricks. Out at 1/2 past 10. Stopped at [Henry] Martins, 12th Street below Walnut & got some oysters for self & wife. Met Mr. Edward Browning there.

18 February 1854. Clear and cold all day.

At the office during the morning and at about 2 p.m. hired a lease⁽⁴⁾ at Trimmers in Prune Street and had him put to my light trotting wagon I purchased a short time since from J. Dorsey Bald. Drove up home by 2 1/4 p.m. to take Carrie to Germantown by appointment. She, however, did not get home until 3 and in a short time we started. Had a very pleasant, though cool ride, out. Found Mrs. Miller at home. We engaged our rooms positively; one for Carrie & myself & Ida, adjoining a part room rented by Mr. & Mrs. O.M. Lewis. Also a small room on same floor for Fanny our nurse. Terms for the 4 of us: $15 per week, and the horse to be $2.50 per week. Remained a short time, looked at the rooms again & returned home about 1/2 past 6. Drove around to the stable and left the wagon there & got Bob to take the horse to Trimmers.

Evening at home writing.

19 February 1854. Cloudy mild and very pleasant all day until towards the latter past of the afternoon. Clouded over this morning.

At about 1/2 past 9 started to take a walk down to the "Bell Tavern" with Mr. J.D. Bald to see my horse, had a very pleasant walk, though the road was rather muddy. Accomplished the distance down in one hour and a quarter, being about five miles. Found the horse in excellent condition, very fat, and in fact, too fat. Remained about 3/4 of an hour and returned home in time for dinner.

Afternoon at home. Took a nap. About 1/2 past 5, Carrie, Mary Borden, Ida, and I went down to Lydia's, by invitation to tea. Found all pretty well. Ma better than she had been. Spent the evening and left at about 1/4 past 10 & went home.

20 February 1854. Cloudy rain and cold. Commenced snowing this morning and continued with unabated fury throughout the remainder of the day and night. The wind blew a perfect gale throughout the day and evening, drifting the snow very much.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home.

21 February 1854 It was still snowing furiously when I got up this morning, and continued until after 9 a.m. It had drifted very much and some of the drifts were 5 to 8 feet deep. I should judge the snow on a level to have been from 2 1/2 to 3 feet deep. It was certainly the deepest snow and most violent snowstorm we have had for more than 20 years.

On the north side of the streets running East & West the snow had drifted nearly to the top of the tree boxes. The storm extended over a large extent of the country, and the Rail Road trains from every quarter were prevented from either arriving or departing. On our corner⁽⁵⁾ at Schuylkill 4th, or 19th & Cherry Streets, we were particularly favored as the wind kept both the pavements entirely clear of snow, while our neighbors were banked up. The sleighing would have been good except for the drifts. It is very difficult for either sleighs or wheeled carriages to get along on account of the great quantity of snow in the streets & some of the streets are entirely impassable. The omnibus lines are all running sleighs. It cleared off quite warm about 11 a.m. and the sun came out bright which caused considerable of a thaw, though it made a very slight impression upon the snow.

At the office during the day until about 3 p.m. when I returned home, but was obliged to go out immediately again in search of celery to make chicken salad for our company this evening. It had all been ordered, but on account of the storm they were unable to obtain it. After a great labor and a walk to Front and Market Street I succeeded in getting enough to get along on.

Carrie and I had company this evening and out of 53 invited only 30 came whose names are as follows: Lizzy Roberts, Percival Roberts, Lehman Roberts. Mr. & Mrs. Browning, Mr. & Mrs. Clapp, Mr. & Mrs. William C. Boker, Miss Amanda Boker, Mr. William Boker, Mr. Parsons, Miss P. Nicholson, Mr. & Mrs. A.C. Craig, John H. Chambers, Mary Chambers, George Levi, Mr., & Mrs. A.C. Cattell, Samuel A. Mitchell Jr., Mr. & Mrs. O.W. Davis, Messrs. Harry C. and Michael [Storms], Mr. Maginnis & Lydia, Ma, Mary Ann Belangee, and J. Dorsey Bald. They all seemed to enjoy themselves and left at about 1/2 past 1 a.m. We had supper of oysters, ice cream &c. at about 1/2 past 11. A man to play the piano to dance by was on hand. Ma remained all night.

22 February 1854. Clear part of the day and quite mild with the appearance of rain in the after part of the day.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home. Mary Borden went to a party given by Mr. and Mrs. W. Weimer, she returned home at about 1/2 past 1 a.m.

23 February 1854. Clear and very cold all day. The wind changed last night at about 12, blew very hard and became very cold. The sleighing to day is tolerable good, though the streets are so blocked up with snow there is not much pleasure in it.

At the office all day. Evening at home.

24 February 1854. Clear and cold, though rather more mild than yesterday. The snow does not disappear very fast. The omnibus lines are all running their lines with sleighs though pretty hard work on account of the great quantity of snow, and drifts in the streets.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home, reading and writing. Ma left and went home this morning. She has been with us since Tuesday evening.

25 February 1854. Clear in the morning but towards the middle of the day clouded over. Raw cold and unpleasant all day. The streets are still almost impassable on account of the snow. There are a few sleighs out except the omnibus sleighs, and they are only out of necessity. It is almost impossible to draw their heavy coaches through the deep snow in the streets and very difficult to get along. The sleigh is the lesser evil of the two. At the office all day and in the evening at home reading &c. Up at 1/2 past 6 a.m. and went to market.

26 February 1854. It commenced raining some time last night, and continued to pour rain during the day accompanied by a violent storm of wind from the S.E. Towards the latter part of the afternoon the wind got around to the westward and the rain ceased. For a while it made the appearance of clearing, but as dark approached the earth was [masked] in a dense fog which, however, disappeared in the course of the evening. The rain caused the large body of snow that had encumbered our streets to disappear rapidly. I fear the heavy rain and quick melting of the snow may cause a heavy freshet in our rivers and creeks, which is always attended with much loss of property. As the day was so very unpleasant did not go outside of the house but spent the time reading, writing &c.

27 February 1854. Cloudy during the greater part of the day raw, cold and unpleasant. At the office all day and in the evening at home.

28 February 1854. Clear and pleasant all day, quite warm and springlike. The snow is rapidly disappearing through the streets and they are in a dreadful condition.

At the office all day and in the evening I took Carrie and Mary Borden to the Walnut Street Theater to see the Ravels, and Mlle. Yrca Mathias the great dancer. The performance commenced with the farce of Friend Waggles. Pretty good, but not very refined. This was followed by the comic ballet Pantomime of La Fete Champetre in which there was some fine rope dancing. After that the new ballet of Bella, la Paquerette was performed in which Yrca Mathias figured most conspicuously. It is rather a pretty ballet. The performance concluded with the pantomime of the Magic Flute of the Coopers which was quite an amusing affair. Out at about 11 p.m. Had our supper on our return home at 1/2 11.

MARCH

1 March 1854. A clear warm and springlike day, evening clear with a new moon. At the office all day, and evening at home reading and writing.

2 March 1854. Cloudy, raw and unpleasant all day and in the evening rained. At the office all day and in the evening went to the Chestnut Street Theater to attend Mrs. Harvey Tuckett's benefit. The last piece played was Speed the Plough. It was tolerably well performed & it was followed by the Rough Diamond in which Mrs. Tuckett played Marjorie very well, though her voice was poor. It was her last, and to be her only appearance in Philadelphia. The performance concluded with the farce of the Irish Tutor which was laughable and well played. Alfred⁽⁶⁾ was there. Out about 1/2 past 11, stopped at 10th & Chestnut & got some oysters.

3 March 1854. Cloudy and rainy during the early part of the morning, cleared off beautifully and warm about 11 a.m.

At the office all day, took tea and spent the evening at Mr. & Mrs. Edward Browning by invitation. Carrie, Mary, Ma, Lydia, Mr. Maginnis, Mrs. Mary Roberts, Mary, Addie, Clara, Lehman Roberts, and Mr. Reiford, were also there. Mr. Maginnis did not come until after tea. Spent a very pleasant evening, had a nice supper and left at about 1/2 past 10 p.m.

4 March 1854. Cloudy, raw and damp all day; towards evening with the appearance of clearing off.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home reading and writing.

5 March 1854. Cloudy early in the morning, but soon cleared off pleasant but rather cold and blustering. Evening clear and moonlight.

At Church of Atonement in the morning with Carrie. A stranger preached. Mary Borden went down to Lydia's to spend the day and to go to church with them. Afternoon at home. In the evening Carrie and I went down to Ma's and spent the evening. Left at about 10 and brought Mary home.

6 March 1854. A clear and Spring like day. At the office all day and in the evening at home. S. Augustus Mitchell Jr. spent the evening with us.

7 March 1854. Cloudy the greater part of the day, warm & springlike weather. At the office the greater part of the day.

I had some business to day with Mrs. Elizabeth Reiford. She said she wished me to remember, that in case she should die without making provision for Miss Anna Ploughman in her will that she wished her to have out of her (Elizabeth Reiford's) estate, the yearly sum of one hundred and fifty dollars, to be paid to her (the said Miss Anna Ploughman) during the whole term of her life.

Evening at home reading and writing.

8 March 1854. Clear and pleasant all day, and during the evening moonlight. At the office all day, and in the evening at home.

9 March 1854. Clear and pleasant quite early in the morning but at about 1/2 past 8 a.m. commenced raining which continued during the day, and evening.

At the office all day. In the evening went down to the Chestnut Street Theater to attend Miss Lizzy Weston's benefit. She played in three pieces viz. Paul in the Pet of the Petticoats; the Artist's wife in My Neighbor's Wife, and Smike in Nicholas Nicelby. She performed well in all of her pieces. The house was crowded, and quite a number of bouquets were thrown to her. Met Andrew Cattell. After the theater was out went onto Parkers at 6th and Chestnut Street and got some oysters. When we parted & I returned home, found Carrie and Mary waiting up for me though it was 1/4 past 12 a.m.

10 March 1854. Cloudy and very foggy in the morning. Towards 12 N. the fog broke away, the wind got around to the S.W., cleared off and became exceedingly warm and oppressive. Towards 1/2 past 5 p.m. clouded over again and at about 7 p.m. commenced to pour rain which continued through the evening.

At the office until about 1/4 of 11 a.m. O.W. Davis and I (he kindly furnishing the tickets) went down to the steamer Richard Stockton to participate in the excursion given by the Board of Trade to the members of the Pennsylvania Legislature in celebration of the passage of the "Consolidation Bill" of the City of Philadelphia and Districts. There were some 600 or 800 on board and a fine band of music.

At about 25 m. past 11 a.m. left Walnut Street wharf & proceeded up the River to the Northern extent of the new consolidated City, and then down as far as the Southern extent of the same to enable the Legislature to have an idea of the magnificent extent of the River part of the new city. The view was rather obscure in the early part of the trip.

11 March 1854. Clear and pleasant all day, and quite warm. Evening clear and moonlight. At the office all day. In the evening took Carrie and Mary down to hear Park Benjamin⁽⁷⁾ deliver his poem upon "Fashion" at the Musical Fund Hall. It had many excellent passages & sharp cuts at the time, and was delivered in a handsome state and with much effect. The room was filled with a very respectable audience. Out at about 1/4 past 9.

We then walked down to the State House to see the illumination of the public buildings in celebration of the passage of the consolidation bill; they had a very pretty affect. The La Pierre House, "Guard House," Arch Street, Walnut Street Theater, and many other public and private buildings were illuminated in honor of the affair.

12 March 1854. A clear, beautiful, warm, and springlike day. Evening clear and moonlight.

At Church of Atonement in the morning with Carrie and Mary. Mr. Goddard preached, he spoke in a very beautiful manner of the decease of the late rector of the Church of the Epiphany.

Afternoon at home until about 5, when I took a walk around for a few squares with Ida. Met Messrs. Charles & David Robinson and walked with them several squares. Ma took tea and spent the evening. Mr. Maginnis came around in the evening for her.

13 March 1854. Another clear warm and springlike day. Evening rather cloudy. The heat was rather oppressive, an over coat bothersome.

At the office during the morning. Also drove down to the office after dinner, my horse having been brought in this morning from Charlie Lloyds at the "Bell Tavern." Remained a few minutes when I took C. Wilson Davis and drove over in Mantua, now West Philadelphia, to look at some lots. In passing up 6th Street, met Mr. Butcher who invited us into his house to look at a plan of some lots west of Gray's Lane far south on Cedar Avenue.

After leaving West Philadelphia took a very pleasant drive down as far as the Bell Tavern. The horse went very well, but as he had not much grain in him he sweat profusely. Drove up from the Bell to the Bridge in 22 minutes.

In the evening went down to a small company given by Mr. & Mrs. Edward Roberts. Met there Mr. & Mrs. Van Arsdale from New York, Mrs. E. Prichett, Mr. & Mrs. Cresson, Ma, Lydia, Maginnis & others. Had a very good supper, and through the politeness of Miss Lizzy Roberts, rode home with her in her father's carriage.

14 March 1854. Clear and very warm all day and during the evening. The atmosphere was quite oppressive, very singular weather for March, and a very forward Spring, as the buds of the trees are already beginning to swell, and the grass in the fields looks quite green.

At the office until 20 m. of 3 p.m., then went up home to dinner. After which took a ride down to Darby with Carrie, Mary, and Ida. Found it very pleasant but warm. Stopped at the Bell Tavern on the way up, there were a great many out. The Plank Road was in very fine order. Returned home about 1/4 past 6.

Evening at home.

15 March 1854. Clear, pleasant but very mild weather until the latter part of the afternoon, when it became rather cooler.

At the office all day, and at about 1/2 past 5 p.m. took Mr. John M. Gummey over to Mantua village, and Westminster to look at a couple of lots belonging to me, of which I wish to make sale.

Returned home at about 1/2 past 6. After tea went around to the Building Association where I remained until about 9. Money went about 23 per cent.

Returned home about 1/4 past 9 and was engaged until near 12, making examination regarding the Building Association Meeting.

16 March 1854. Cloudy early in the morning with the appearance of rain. It afterwards cleared off & was exceedingly warm and oppressive all day. For about an hour in the afternoon we had a slight sprinkle. We have had for the last week very singular weather for March, vegetation is coming forward quite rapidly, the trees are budding and the grass looks quite green.

At the office all day until 5 p.m. when I came up to the stable, got my horse and rode out Broad Street, as far as the Germantown Road. Found the road in very excellent order, much better than I expected. Returned home to tea about 7.

Evening at home.

17 March 1854. A clear and magnificent day, but windy and dusty. About 9 p.m. had a little dash of rain for a very few minutes, I suppose to remind us though it had been so beautiful a day, St. Patrick would give us a little sprinkle any how.

At the office during the morning until about 2 p.m. then went up to dinner. At about 1/4 past 3 took Ma, Carrie, Mary Borden and Ida out to Mrs. Miller's at Mount Airy in the carriage, for the purpose of allowing Ma to see the place we have selected to board next summer and take a room if she wished.

The place looked beautiful today.⁽⁸⁾ Ma was well pleased, but did not agree to take a room. Mrs. Miller was not at home. Waited some time for her but she did not arrive. Returned home by about 7. Would have had a very pleasant ride but for the dust. Became much colder towards night. Evening at home writing, except a few minutes occupied in going to see Mrs. Parsons, who I did not find at home.

18 March 1854. Clear, but very raw cold and blustering all day. The streets were a perfect whirlwind of dust, almost blinding one with dust. It was certainly the most disagreeable day of the season. At the office all day. Would have taken a ride in the afternoon but for its being so cold, dusty, windy and disagreeable. Evening at home.

19 March 1854. A clear and beautiful day, and a little windy, very cold. There was plenty of ice made last night, and I think formed through the day. We are certainly back again from the midst of spring to the midst of winter. The change to me is very disagreeable & felt more perceptibly on account of the great change from heat to cold. I feel the cold more now than I did in mid winter.

At Church of Atonement in the morning with Carrie and Mary. Mr. Goddard preached. Would have gone [again] in the afternoon had not Mr. Charles Fernberg promised to call, which he did not do, consequently remained at home during the rest of the day and evening.

20 March 1854. Clear and very raw, cold and blustering all day and during the evening. Ice has again made its appearance.

At the office all day until about 4 p.m. when I went up to the stable, got my horse and light wagon. Then called for Mr. Stephen Parsons at N.E. corner 19th & Arch Streets by appointment to take him out to see Benjamin Sewell's farm, a short distance below the Bell Tavern. Drove out in a short time, and found Mr. Sewell at home. Went over the place and house which appeared to be in good order. Returned to the City by about 1/2 past 6, stopping on the way at the Bell Tavern for a short time.

In the evening went down to Mr. Joseph R. Ingersoll's⁽⁹⁾ by appointment to settle a matter of business for Messrs. Zeiss and Orum. Returned home at about 1/4 of 10.

21 March 1854. Clear and cold but rather less blustering and cold than yesterday.

At the office through the day until about 5 p.m. when I took a ride over in Mantua and Westminster with Mr. Charles Fernberg to show him some lots. After looking at the lots, drove out the Lancaster Turnpike to the Monument Road, up this road to the Road leading to the Falls Bridge, then down the same crossing the Falls Bridge, and returning home by the Lamb Tavern Road, stopping at Bobby Evans on the way. Found the Roads all in good order, much better then I expected. Got home by 20 m. past 7.

Evening at home writing. Up at 6 a.m. & went to market.

22 March 1854. Raw and cold all day. We are in the midst of winter again. About 2 p.m. commenced snowing which continued during the remainder of the day, and in evening until about 10 p.m. when it turned to rain.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home writing.

Up at 6 a.m. and went to market.

23 March 1854. Cloudy and clear at intervals throughout the day and evening, raw and cold.

At the office all day until about 1/2 past 4 p.m. when Samuel Bonnell Jr. called, and we took a ride together out Broad Street to Lamb Tavern Road & then up the same to the new Germantown Plank Road⁽¹⁰⁾ which is not yet opened but thought we would try it. Did not proceed more than half a mile when we found bars across it, and had to take a cross road over to the township Line, which we found very muddy as well as the other dirt roads. Drove around by Nicetown lane to look at a country seat, and returned by Germantown Road and Broad Street, stopping at the tavern at corner of Germantown Road & Nicetown lane for a few minutes. Samuel took tea and spent the evening with us.

24 March 1854. Cloudy & sunshine at intervals throughout the day. Blustering and exceedingly raw and cold.

At the office all day until 5 p.m. when Mr. O.W. Davis and I got my horse and drove out to Mrs. Miller's at Mount Airy to secure a room for Ma who has concluded to go there to board with Carrie and I this summer. Found it very cold riding in a wagon without a top. Drove out in about 3/4 of an hour, and returned home by 1/4 of 8.

In the evening went down to see Ma & Lydia. Lydia is quite unwell with bad cold & has not been out of the house for 10 days. ..[mn: Mrs. Miller's; Ma]

25 March 1854. Cloudy & sunshine at intervals, very cold raw and blustering.

At the office during the day until 1/4 past 2 then went up to the stable, got my horse and carriage and drove around to Ma's for the purpose of taking her and Lydia out to Mrs. Miller's at Mount Airy but Lydia was too unwell to go. Got dinner, after which Ma and I started. Found it rather cold, but we got along very comfortably. Mrs. Miller was at home, and Ma secured her room adjoining ours. We met there a very pretty young lady by the name of Miss Gowen,⁽¹¹⁾ and a young gentleman and another lady of same name. Returned home about 1/2 past 6.

Evening at home reading & writing. Up at 1/4 6 a.m. & went to market.

26 March 1854. Clear but raw, cold, windy, dusty, and disagreeable weather, well suited for March.

At Church of Atonement in the morning with Mary Borden. Carrie having a very bad cold did not go. Also at Church of Atonement in the afternoon, Mr. Goddard preached both times. Met Samuel Bonnell in the pew. He walked home with me, took tea and spent the evening and left at about 1/4 past 9.

27 March 1854. Clear, very raw and cold. Windy and dusty.

At the office through the day until 1/4 of 5 p.m. when I drove up in the carriage to Richmond, Kensington, &c. on business. Returned home about 7 p.m. Evening at home reading and writing.

Samuel Bonnell called this morning and I walked down with him.

28 March 1854. Clear, very raw and cold all day and quite windy. Ice made in abundance. I think it the coldest weather we have had in the month of March for many years. At the office all day, and in the evening at home reading until about 8 1/4 o'clock when Mr. Harry Storms came in and spent the evening. He remained until about 11.

29 March 1854. Clear and cold, though rather more pleasant them it has been for some days past. I think it moderated considerably towards afternoon.

At the office until 3 p.m. then went up to dinner, after which took a ride with Carrie out by way of Lamb Tavern Road to the Wissahickon Hall.⁽¹²⁾ Remained a short time, and returned home by way of School House Lane and Township Line Road. Found the Roads in excellent order. Evening at home.

Up at 1/4 of 6 a.m. & went to market. Bed at 10 1/2 p.m.

30 March 1854. Cloudy raw and cold. About 10 a.m. commenced snowing which continued to fall rapidly all day, though it melted nearly as fast as it fell. At the office all day. Evening at home reading.

31 March 1854. A cloudy, raw, dour, drizzling, rainy and unpleasant day. At the office all day, and in the evening at home writing.

APRIL

1 April 1854. Cloudy, warm & foggy early in the morning, towards afternoon had some rain, and at about 1/2 past 5 got much colder and we had quite a heavy shower of rain preceded by a sharp sprinkle of hail.

At the office all day until about 5 p.m. when I got the horse and wagon and drove down to the "Bell Tavern" with J. Dorsey Bald. Found the road very sloppy and muddy, and the atmosphere raw and disagreeable. Remained about half an hour at the Bell, looked at a horse, and returned home at about 7. Evening at home examining some deeds writing &c.

Up at 6 1/4 a.m. and went to market.

2 April 1854. A clear and delightful day but rather cool.

At the Church of Atonement in the morning with Carrie, and Mary Borden. Mr. Goddard gave us an excellent sermon. After dinner Samuel Bonnell Jr. called. He, Mary Borden, Carrie, Ida and I went down to my sister's. Found Mr. Maginnis at home, but Ma and Lydia were both at Church. Mr. Cogshall and Miss Tilly Sein called while we were there. Ma returned home shortly after 5, but Lydia did not get home until about 6. She was accompanied by Mr. Andrew C. Craig, having been down to see Mrs. Craig. Took tea and spent the evening, left at about 1/4 past 10.

3 April 1854. Clear and pleasant all day. Evening moonlight.

At the office all day until about 1/4 past 5 p.m. when I left and called up, with my horse and carriage, for Edward Bedlock in Spruce Street about Broad, to take him for a ride. Drove out to Grays Lane, by way of the Marshall Road, then over to Darby Road,⁽¹³⁾ and then down to Bell Tavern. Remained a short time, and returned home about 1/4 of 8 to tea, after which went down to the office again, and wrote until about 1/4 past 10.

I went home, stopping on the way in 12th below Walnut at Minton's to get Carrie some fried oysters. Met Lea Roberts there.

4 April 1854. Clear and much milder part of the day, balance cloudy.

At the office all day. After tea went down to Thomas Real Estate sale at the Exchange. Left at about 1/2 past 8, and on my way up home stopped in to see quite a curiosity, in the shape of a living "Sea Lion or Sea Dog," I believe the only living specimen that had ever been exhibited. It was some four feet long and appeared to be perfectly docile, obeying its keeper in every particular. It would dive in and out of the water at his word, come up and take a fish from his mouth, lay over one side and extend one of its forepaws to be shook, and then exhibit the same movement with regard to the other paw &c. It has been captured about 2 years, and is certainly a great curiosity.

They also have a tremendous large bear to exhibit weighing about 1650 pounds, more that double the size of any bear I ever saw. There were some other curiosities in the shape of a five legged cow (alive), California Badger & cat, both alive.

5 April 1854. Cloudy early in the morning but soon cleared off and we had a delightful balmy and spring like day.

At the office through the day until after 5 p.m. when I took Carrie, Ida, and Mary Borden out riding. Drove out West Chester Plank Road to Grays Lane, then over to the Darby Plank Road & then home. The roads were fine, and the ride delightful. Evening at home writing.

Up at 10 m of 6 a.m. and went to market.

6 April 1854. Clear in the morning; afternoon rather cloudy but pleasant.

At the office through the day until after 5 p.m. when Alfred Helmbold Jr. and I started in my light carriage and went up to 3rd and Weaver to see Mr. Kohler on business. After seeing him drove up to Richmond to see Mr. A. Langehaitte upon some business. Also found him at home. From there drove out Richmond Street on Pourt Road as far as Pourt Lane, then over to the Frankford Road & up to Frankford. Thence took the Nicetown Lane and drove over to Weavers Tavern at corner of Germantown Road and Nicetown Lane. Stopped there a short time and returned home by way of Nicetown Lane, and the new Germantown Plank Road which has only been opened since the 1st of the month, I believe. It was my first trip on it for any distance. Put Alfred out at 12th & Filbert Streets & then went to the stable. After tea called down to see Mr. Edward Taylor Randolph upon some business (at N.E.corner 18th & Rittenhouse Streets). Remained about half an hour and then called down to see Ma and Lydia, found them in. Remained until about 10 & then returned home.

7 April 1854. A clear, mild and delightful day. At the office until about 1/2 past 3 p.m. then went up and got the horse and went down to Ma's by engagement to take her and Lydia riding. Stopped on way out for Ida, and then drove out to Mrs. Miller's at Mount Airy by way of the Township Line Road and Carpenters Lane, which route I do not think I shall take again. It is entirely too hilly & tedious. Did not see Mrs. Miller, she being unwell. Remained a short time and got home about 1/4 past 7 and took Ma and Lydia home. Evening at home.

8 April 1854. Clear and pleasant all day. Evening moonlight.

At the office until about 1/4 of 4 p.m. Then went home to dinner. After which took Carrie and Ida [on] a ride out the Marshall Road until it crossed Cobbs Creek. Then took the first road to the left and came into the Darby Road at Paschallville. Stopped at the "Bell Tavern" and got up home about 7. Spent the evening at home writing until about 11 o'clock, then went down to Mr. William C. Bokers for Mary Borden who had been there to tea. Saw Miss Amanda and William Boker, and also met Miss Lizzy and Percival Roberts there. After returning home wrote a little while and then went to bed.

9 April 1854. Cloudy and foggy early in the morning but soon cleared off mild and very warm. Evening moonlight.

Went to Cherry Street Quaker Meeting with Mary Borden in the morning. A Mr. Levick preached. Met Cousin Lydia Roberts. She walked with us as far as 9th and Arch.

In passing Miss Louisa Wood's I noticed crepe tied with white ribbon, and upon enquiring found she died yesterday. She was an old friend and acquaintance, and I feel sad, very sad at her loss, though she has been a sufferer for a long time. She was a kind, sweet and affectionate girl, and one we all esteemed; her name was associated with my early recollections, and thus was dear to me.

In the afternoon got my horse and light carriage and took Mr. E.J. Maginnis out riding. Just drove over in Mantua, and over in Westminster, thence crossed to the Haverford Road & out the same to the connection of the Haverford & West Chester Plank Roads. Crossed to West Chester Road, then out to Grays Lane, same to Marshall Road and by same and Raden Road to Darby. Then drove up the Darby Plank Road to the Bell Tavern. Stopped a short time. Then drove to the Rope ferry⁽¹⁴⁾ where [we] also stopped. Crossed in the flat and drove up home by way of the Banks of the Schuylkill.

Evening at home. Ma, Lydia and Mr. Maginnis took tea with us.

10 April 1854. Cloudy early in the morning, afterwards cleared off beautifully and remained so until about 2 1/2 p.m. when it again clouded over, and at about 4 p.m. had a tremendous heavy rain, accompanied by vivid lightning and loud peals of thunder. The storm for a short time was very severe, the rain continued during through night. This was the first thunderstorm we have had this season.

At the office all day and in the evening at home writing.

11 April 1854. Clear and beautiful weather. At the office during the day. At about 5 p.m. I took J. Dorsey Bald [on] a ride down to the "Bell Tavern." The road was in excellent condition and the afternoon was delightful for riding. Returned home at about 7.

12 April 1854. Clear and pleasant but cool. Evening moonlight.

At the office all day until about 6 p.m. when I took Alfred Helmbold with me and drove up to 11th above Girard Avenue to see Mr. Warder on some business. Then took a drive out Broad Street & Lamb Tavern Road to Nicetown Lane, crossed to a Bye Road running parallel with the Lamb Tavern Road, and returned to the City by it & Lamb Tavern Road & Broad Street again.

Evening at home. Miss Lizzy Roberts & Miss Mary Roberts spent the evening and took tea with us. Miss Amanda Boker was to have been with us but we understand she forgot her engagement.

Up at 6 1/4 a.m. & went to market.

13 April 1854. A clear beautiful & warm day. The trees are all coming out in small leaf, and everything begins to wear the appearance of spring.

At the office until 1/4 of 4 p.m. Then went up to dinner after which took Carrie, Mary Borden & Ida out riding. Drove out to Wissahickon Hall by way of Ford Road and Ridge Road, and returned by way of Township Line Road. The ride was delightful because the air was so mild and pleasant. Returned home about 1/4 past 7.

After tea went around to Mr. Joseph Leeds to see him upon some business. Found him [in], also saw Mrs. Leeds and Miss Mary C. Leeds. Remained a short time and then returned home. Remained there the rest of the evening.

Up at 1/4 of 6 a.m. bed 9 1/2 p.m.

14 April 1854. Cloudy early in the morning and for a while wore the appearance of clearing. At about 2 p.m. had a shower of rain, and again at about 1/2 past 5 p.m. it commenced to rain which continued during the evening.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home reading, writing & examining Leeds title papers.

15 April 1854. Cloudy raw and cold all day with some rain and hail early in the morning. About 10 p.m. it was hailing quite fast.

At the office all day, and in the evening took Mary Borden down to "Concert Hall"⁽¹⁵⁾ Chestnut Street above 12th Street to attend Julien's⁽¹⁶⁾ concert, being the last but one previous to his departure for Europe (in this City). The room was tolerably well filled but not crowded. The music as usual was very fine.

Up at 5 1/2 a.m. and went to market in the midst of a very raw and cold rain storm. I suffered as much with cold this morning at market as I have any morning during the past winter.

16 April 1854. It commenced snowing and hailing about 1/2 past 8 this morning and continued with unabated fury during the whole day accompanied by a violent gale of wind from the Eastward up to the time of present writing 9 p.m. At first the snow did not lie upon the ground, but the fall being so rapid it soon whitened the earth and it is now covered to the depth of several inches, which scene would be far more appropriate to mid winter than mid spring. I fear it will injure the fruit very much for the trees are all coming out in small leaf. On Thursday last, when out riding, I noticed the plum trees in full blossom. As the day was so exceedingly unpleasant and having a cold, did not go out all day nor evening.

17 April 1854. The snow continued to fall with but little intermission all day, and at times violently, accompanied with a heavy gale of wind from the Eastward. The snow however did not lay and the walking in consequence was awful, being slushy and wet.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home reading.

18 April 1854. Clear the greater part of the day. In the early part of the day rather cloudy.

At the office all day until about 1/4 past 5 p.m., then went up home stopping on the way to order my horse saddled & sent around to the house, changed my pants, and had a very pleasant ride down to the "Bell Tavern." Returned home at about 1/4 past 7. Evening at home.

19 April 1854. Clear through the morning and in the afternoon until about 1/2 past 4 when it clouded over, became much cooler and we had a little sprinkle of rain.

At the office all day until about 5 p.m. when I took Mr. O. Wilson Davis and Mr. Ernst out the West Chester Road as far as Grays Lane to see a person on some business. Returned home by about 1/4 of 7. Felt very unwell with a bad headache, sore throat &c. Went to bed at about 9 o'clock.

20 April 1854. Cloudy all day with several sprinklings of rain. I felt very unwell when I got up this morning, but concluded I would go to the office, but found that I was not capable of doing anything as my head pained so much. Carrie and Mary came down about 1 p.m. and insisted upon my going home which I did, and laid upon the bed all the afternoon.

21 April 1854. A clear and beautiful Spring like day. I felt so unwell today that I was obliged to spend the whole time in bed. Was in hopes of going out in the afternoon but upon leaving my bed found that I could scarcely see or stand for the pain in my head. Had a visit from my young man in the office, Alfred Helmbold Jr., this morning, and from O. Wilson Davis at about 6 1/2 p.m. This was the first day I have been obliged to spend in bed from sickness since 1845, about 9 years.

22 April 1854. Cloudy through the morning, afternoon clear and cloudy alternately with one or two light sprinkles of rain. In the evening had a very heavy shower of rain.

Felt much better this morning but I kept my bed until about 1/2 past 1 when I thought a ride would make me feel much better so I got up and dressed, got the horse and took Carrie, Ida, and Mary Borden out riding.

First drove over to Miss Ann M. Lackey in West Philadelphia. Found she had returned from St. Louis day before yesterday. She had been sick all winter and is looking very badly. Also saw Miss Sidney Lackey, and a Mrs. Page there. Remained about half an hour, and then drove down the Darby Plank Road as far as the Bell Tavern. Remained about half an hour and then drove up as far as the Woodlands Cemetery. Rode through the grounds, and returned home about 1/4 past 6. I then had to go down to Chestnut, below 8th Street to get some medicine for Carrie.

Ma came up to see me a few minutes after we left to ride, which I regretted very much, as we wished her to accompany us. She stayed for tea. She was also up to see me yesterday, which I neglected to mention in yesterday's notes.

23 April 1854. Cloudy until about 3 p.m. when it cleared off beautifully. Early this morning we had several heavy showers of rain.

Did not go out to Church this morning, but went in the afternoon accompanied by Mary Borden, and Alfred Helmbold Jr. He came up to see how I was this morning, and took dinner with us. Mr. Goddard preached. Returned home after Church, and found Lydia and Mr. Maginnis there. They remained a short time, and took Ida home with them. Evening at home.

I forgot to mention in yesterday's notes that Mr. John W. Mitchell and O. Wilson Davis were up to see me last evening, the former on business.

24 April 1854. A clear and beautiful Spring like day.

At the office all day until about 4 1/2 p.m. when Mr. O.W. Davis and I went up to the stable and got the horse and light wagon to drive out to Mrs. Miller's at Mount Airy. I bought a bridle without blinkers today, and thought I would try [it] on the horse, but immediately, on starting, he started to run and I had a great difficulty in holding him, so that I had to have his bridle changed again and he went out as usual.

We had a very pleasant ride out the new Plank Road. Found Mrs. Miller at home, and also saw a Miss Innes⁽¹⁷⁾ or Enos there, who came out with her mother today, and intends staying all summer. Made our arrangements and returned home by about 1/2 past 7. Went by way of [the] pike, new Plank Road, School House Lane and Township Line & Nicetown Lane to water our horse &c. Evening at home reading and writing.

25 April 1854. A clear warm and delightful Spring like day. At the office all day until 4 p.m. Then went up home to dinner. After which got the horse and carriage took Carrie, Mary Borden and Ida in and drove down to Ma's to take her or Lydia riding. But Ma was out, and Lydia was engaged so as she could not go. Mrs. Ware and her daughter Mary were there, so we took little Mary Ware, drove down around the Banks of Schuylkill as far as the rope ferry intending to cross, [but] found the rope broken so we returned home, leaving Mary Ware at her boarding house in Walnut above 12th.

Evening at home writing at Mr. Leeds title.

Up at 5 1/2 a.m. and went to market.

26 April 1854. Clear and pleasant during the morning and very warm. Towards 4 p.m. clouded over and at about 6 p.m. had a slight shower of rain.

At the office all day. After dinner took the horse and carriage down to the office intending to take a ride, but coming on to rain did not go. Evening at home writing at Mr. Joseph Leeds on Summer Street.

Up at 20 m. of 6 a.m. & went to market.

27 April 1854. Clear and beautiful Spring weather but quite warm all day until about 4 p.m. when it clouded over and at 1/2 past 4 had a terrific thunder storm, and heavy shower of rain which lasted a couple of hours when it passed over and wore the appearance of clearing. The storm or wind however shifted, the clouds returned and it poured rain all the evening, accompanied with sharp lightning and heavy peals of thunder.

At the office all day, and in the evening at home reading and writing. I took the horse & carriage down this afternoon with the intention of taking a ride, but [with] the rain coming on took him over to the Black Bear stable & put him under the shed. When I returned for him found the carriage full of water, and my coat, horse blanket, under the seat soaked, through the carelessness of the men. They had allowed the horse to back out, so that all the rain off the roof of the shed poured into the carriage.

Up at 5 1/2 a.m. and took a ride horseback out as far as Monument Cemetery, and to see Mr. Winder in 11th above Girard Avenue, & Mr. Dugan at 10th & Green Streets. Returned to Breakfast by 7 a.m.

28 April 1854. Cloudy, rainy and unpleasant all day and during the evening. At the office all day and in the evening at home, reading and writing.

29 April 1854. The rain storm still continues, raw, cold and unpleasant. Rained nearly all day. At the office all day, evening at home. Up at 1/2 past 5 a.m. and went to market in the midst of the heavy rain, very unpleasant.

30 April 1854. At the Church of Atonement in the morning with Mary Borden. Mr. Goddard preached. Afternoon at home until about 4. John H. Chambers called in and sat about half an hour. After he left Carrie, Mary, Ida and I called up to see Kate Smith, found her at home and well. Also saw her little daughter Nettie who has grown considerably and is looking quite pretty. Remained about half an hour and then called down to see Cousin Lydia & Samuel Roberts. Found them at home and well, returned home by about 7.

In the evening called down to see Ma, Lydia & Maginnis. Found all well except the latter who had a very bad stiff neck. Met Mr. & Mrs. William C. Boker there. Left at about 10 1/4.

MAY

1 May 1854. A clear and beautiful day though rather cool. Early part of evening moonlight.

At the office all day until about 5 p.m. when I called for Edward Bedlock at his house Spruce above Broad to take him for a ride. Drove out the Old Lancaster Road some five miles and then crossed over to the Lancaster turnpike, and stopped at "Paiste Farm" as he was looking for board. Returned home about 8 o'clock. Evening at home writing.

2 May. 1854 Rather cloudy all day, but mild. About 5 p.m. became cooler, and commenced to sprinkle rain. About 9 1/2 p.m. commenced to rain hard.

Got up at 5 1/2 a.m. and took a horseback ride as far as Turners Lane and Broad Street, then went over to 11th Street above Girard Avenue to see Mr. Winder on some business, then to 10th & Washington Streets to see T. Dugan on business, and then home to breakfast by 7 1/4.

At the office all day until 5 p.m., then went out to attend to some business & went home about 6. Evening at home writing. Mr. H. Mitchell was here part of the evening on some business.

3 May 1854. Cloudy, rainy and unpleasant all day and during the evening.

At the office all day, and in the evening went to the Chestnut Street Theater with Alfred Helmbold to see Miss Agnes Robertson. She played in the Fox Hunt, and also sustained five characters in the Young Actress. She is very pretty and winning in manners. I was really delighted with her acting. Out about 1/2 past 11.

Up at 1/4 of 6 a.m. & went to market. Bed 12 p.m.

4 May 1854. Cloudy and sunshine at intervals through the day, towards night cleared off, and in the evening moonlight.

At the office all day until 1/4 of 5 p.m., then went up to the stable and got the horse, saddled, and rode over in West Philadelphia on business. Also called to see Miss Ann M. Lackey. She is rather better than when I last saw her.

After leaving there called to see several persons on business in the upper part of the City. Returned home about 1/2 past 7.

5 May 1854. Clear and pleasant all day except for about an hour when we had some rain.

At the office during the day until about 4 p.m., then went up to dinner. Found Miss Charlotte Upjohn (Carrie's Aunt) had arrived from New York very unexpectedly, very much our surprise. Ma was here to dinner. After dinner I took Carrie, Mary Borden, Miss Upjohn and Ida out riding. Drove down the Plank Road nearly to the Bell Tavern & then returned home, and went down to Mr. Maginnis to tea by invitation. Messrs. Cattell & Chambers and a Mr. Bishop from Lexington Kentucky were there. Miss Anne Maginnis was also there, she arrived from New York some weeks since. Left at about 1/2 past 10 and went home.

Up at 1/4 of 6 a.m. and took a ride up town on horseback to attend to some business.

6 May 1854. Clear and pleasant all day, but rather cold. Evening clear and moonlit. At the office all day until about 1/4 past 5 p.m. when I took a ride out to "Wissahickon Hall." Took Alfred Helmbold with me. Returned home about 1/2 past 7. Evening at home feeling very tired went to bed at 1/2 past 8.

7 May 1854. A clear and magnificent day, but cold, blustering and dusty. Towards the latter part of the day the wind went down and it was much pleasanter. Went to St. Stephen's Church in the morning. Dr. Duczchet preached. After dinner walked down to see Maginnis. Found him in, also saw Ma.

After sitting a little while Maginnis & I walked around, with Ma, to St. Mark's Church, then called to see John H. Chambers. Found him at home, saw Mrs. Chambers and the little babe who is now 11 weeks old, and is getting quite smart. She holds up her head, notices &c. Remained about half an hour at Jack's, and then went over to Colonel Andrew R. Chambers. Found him at home and met Andrew C. Cattell & his father-in-law, Mr. Equer. Harry Cogshall came in shortly afterwards. Spent a very pleasant afternoon. Drank a couple of bottles of champagne &c. Left at about 1/2 past 6 and went home.

In the evening went to the Church of Atonement with Mary Borden. Reverend Dr. Tyng preached. The church was very much crowded. Out about 1/4 of 10.

Up at 6 1/2 a.m. and took a bath.

8 May 1854. A clear and magnificent day though rather cold. Evening clear and moonlight.

At the office all day until about 1/2 past 5 p.m. when I drove out home and took Carrie, Ida, and Miss Charlotte Upjohn out riding. Drove out the Lamb Tavern Road, as far as Lamb Tavern, then took the road to the right, and went as far as the Nicetown Lane returning by it and Lamb Tavern Road. It was exceedingly dusty. Evening at home examining papers.

9 May 1854. A clear magnificent & warm day until towards 4 1/2 p.m. when it clouded over and wore the appearance of rain, but none fell up to 10 p.m.

At the Recorder of Deeds & District Court Office the greater part of the day examining a title. The rest of day at the office. Evening at home writing.

10 May 1854. Cloudy early in the morning and very warm afterwards. Cleared off beautifully, [but] at 10 1/2 a.m. had a slight shower of rain, and by 11 1/4 had cleared off again. About 6 p.m. had a tremendous heavy shower of rain, which lasted about an hour, and was accompanied by thunder and lightning. Did not rain during the evening.

Got up at about 1/2 past 5 a.m. and went to market. After breakfast got my horse and carriage and called down at Lydia's for Miss Anne Maginnis. Then up home and took Miss Mary E. Borden and drove out to Fairmount. After taking a walk and visiting the various points of interest, including the walk around the basin, went over to the Insane Asylum.⁽¹⁸⁾ After waiting some 15 or 20 minutes were admitted into the grounds, and went up to the house. After making various solicitations and enquiries to go through the building & having several promises to be conducted through, gave up the idea and contented ourselves with a walk through the grounds which are very beautiful. To say the least they treated us with but little respect.

After leaving the asylum we were caught in a shower which lasted but for a short time. Drove over to the U.S. Mint,⁽¹⁹⁾ and went through, then to Independence Hall and the office. Afterwards went to the Navy Yard, and to the Moyamensing Prison⁽²⁰⁾ where we were politely treated, and shown through, though we were detained some time on account of having got there too early in the day. After leaving the prison went up to Lydia's to dinner, and took the horse up to the stable to be fed.

At about 1/2 past 3 got the horse again & drove out to Cherry Hill Prison, or the Eastern Penitentiary,⁽²¹⁾ and were conducted through. We were much pleased with its neatness & cleanliness. It is in much better order than Moyamensing Prison. I bought a little chair for Ida made by the prisoners.

After leaving the Prison went out to Girard College, and upon the top. Upon leaving started to go to Laurel Hill Cemetery, but there being a prospect of a heavy shower concluded to go home. It was well we did, for I had scarcely got the ladies home, and to the stable before the rain came down in torrents. Evening at home.

11 May 1854. Rained early in the morning. Balance of the day cloudy, but no rain, the sun however set clear. Quite warm.

At the office all day. About 6 p.m. took a ride down as far as the Summit House on the Plank Road. Mr. O.W. Davis accompanied me. The ride was delightful.

I paid my first visit to day, to the top of the "Summit House" and was really surprised and delighted with the view. The Rivers Delaware and Schuylkill are in full view, and the county around for many miles. Evening at home.

12 May 1854. Cloudy and sun shine at intervals throughout the day. Cleared off at about 5 p.m., evening clear and moonlight.

At the office all day until near 5 p.m., then went up to the stable and got my horse & carriage and took Carrie, Ida, Mary Borden and Miss Charlotte Upjohn (Carrie's aunt) out to Laurel Hill Cemetery,⁽²²⁾ and spent about an hour there. Everything is looking beautiful. The trees are all out and the flowers are beginning to bloom. Returned home at about 1/2 past 9.

Up at 5 a.m. and went to market.

Evening at home.