1849

OCTOBER

11 October 1849. Clear and cloudy alternately throughout the day. I was out a greater part of the morning making arrangements to leave this afternoon on my trip to Cleveland and Cincinnati. At about 4 o'clock bid my dear mother and sister farewell and took a cab which conveyed me to the boat. My friends J.D. Bald and Samuel Bonnell, Jr. came down to see me off, and bid me farewell. Left the wharf at 1/2 past 4, and after the usual occurrences incident to a trip to New York, arrived there about 9 o'clock. Went up to the Merchants Hotel, but they were unable to accommodate me. I then went up to the "Western," a short distance above where they "accommodated" me by giving me a very, very small room about 6 by 9, without a window, except one opening on the entry. If these are the kind of accommodations they give I do not think I shall stop here again. Thus have I commenced my journey. May God grant that it may be a safe one, and that He will watch over us all in our separation, and protect us, is my earnest prayer & that we may all meet again soon.

12 October 1849. Got up this morning at 1/4 of 6, not having had a very comfortable night's rest, on account of wishing to wake up early in the morning. Dressed, and went down to the Steamer Alida in the stage belonging to the "Western hotel." As we were passing down, one of the runners of the boat came up and offered me a ticket to Albany for 50 cents. However I went down to the boat & priced the tickets on board & found them to be $2. I then went to the office of the boat on the wharf where they asked $1. I again met my old friend, the agent or runner and bought one for 50 cents, thus saving $1.30. This game is carried on by the runners of the Alida until after the departure of the opposition boat which starts before theirs and costs 50 cents. This kind of cutting under one another I think very unfair & dishonorable. We arrived in Albany at about 5 o'clock after a very pleasant trip, and the usual stoppages at various places mentioned in other journals kept by me. After considerable bustle occasioned by the cab drivers, succeeded in getting up to the Western Rail Road depot where I took my passage for Buffalo and had my baggage placed in the car and checked. I then went over to the "Deliphan House" a magnificent hotel and got supper.

At 7 p.m. started for Buffalo via Schenectady, Utica, Rochester, &c. As to the beauty of the cars in point of finish I cannot say much, but as to comfort I can say a great deal, as they were the most comfortable I have ever ridden. Each passenger had to himself a high backed arm chair, with spring seat, nicely cushioned, so that he might sleep almost with as much comfort as if he were in bed. Had it not been for the boys on the stoppage of the cars, running through them with a cry of "Here the nice pop corn gentlemen, nice & fresh," "Here fine boiled chestnuts & peaches," &c., &c.

13 October 1849. We arrived at Auburn at about 1/2 past 3 where we changed cars, none the less comfortable. After passing through various small towns arrived at Rochester at about 1/2 past 8 where we took breakfast at "Congress Hall" a new hotel near the depot. I cannot speak very well of it as it was rather cold. Arrived in Buffalo at about 1/4 past 1. I went up to the "Columbia House" in their omnibus & took dinner there, a very poor one. I was much pleased with the proprietors of the hotel as they were very obliging and gentlemanly, but I cannot say I was pleased with their table. After dinner took a walk down to the wharf to select a boat to go up the lake in which I did, viz. the Niagara. I then went back to "hotel" got my baggage and went to the Depot of the Niagara Falls Rail Road, and took passage for the "Falls." Put up at the "Cataract House." There are very few persons here at present, as the weather is so cold. Spent the evening partly conversing with a gentleman from Philadelphia.

14 October 1849. A clear, cool and magnificent day, and one that could not be surpassed on which to visit that great wonder of nature the "Falls." I got up this morning at about 1/2 past 6, and went down and sat by a wood fire until breakfast time as it was quite cold out. After breakfast smoked a cigar, and then hired a horse and carriage to ride around to view the principal objects of interest. I first drove down to that great work of art, the wire suspension bridge, erected about a year since. It is about two miles below the falls, at Bellview Springs. It is supported by two wire cables, and is only wide enough for one carriage to pass over at a time, its length is rather over 900 feet, and its distance above the roaring torrent 230 feet beneath. The view from this bridge is grand and sublime, filling one's mind with awe at the terribly grand scenery around and below. I drove my horse and carriage over, and notwithstanding I knew everything was safe, yet I went over almost trembling. I was fully repaid for all uneasiness of feeling by the beauty of the scenery. The fare charge for a one horse carriage to cross is 50 cents, and for a foot passenger 25 cents.

Upon arriving at the Canada side I drove up along the brink of the precipice to "Table Rock" where I took another view of the great Cataract. This morning was peculiarly favorable for viewing the falls, as the weather was so clear, bright and beautiful. After leaving table rock, descended to the rocks below to take another view of the falls. Upon my return, drove up along the bank, and stopped to look at a singular piece of poetry which marks the place where a Miss Martha K. Rugg lost her life in 1844, the following is a copy.

"Woman, most beauteous of the human race,

Be cautious of a dangerous place.

Miss Rugg at the age of twenty three

Was launched into eternity."

Robert Wood

The said Robert Wood entertained me with a long story about the young lady which he seemed to have stereotyped, and anxious to relate, while I was as anxious to leave, which I finally succeeded in doing. Drove up, and recrossed the suspension bridge and then down to the Whirlpool to take a view of the grand work of nature. The Niagara River turns at right angles at this point, which is the occasion of the Whirlpool, but as I have written a particular account of it in my previous journal I will make no further mention here.

After leaving the Whirlpool returned to my Hotel and got dinner, remained until about 1/2 past 3, and then went to the Episcopal Church, a very neat structure in the primitive Gothic style. The minister gave us a very plain sermon, but not very eloquent. After Church went back to the hotel, and then took a stroll out onto the bridge to take a view of the rapids, which are considered by some equal in beauty to the falls. Got tea, after which sat in the reading room, smoking and conversing with another gentleman from Philadelphia until about 1/2 past 8, when I went to my room to write my journal, &c. As I now sit at 9 1/4 p.m., I can hear the ceaseless roar of the falls, which has been rolling on for ages, and which in all probability will continue until the end of time. The music of the roar is pleasant to me, and serves to lull me to sleep.

15 October 1849. Sat talking with Mr. William C. Coates of Philadelphia for a while and then took a walk down to the falls, ferry house, &c. After viewing the falls from that position, walked up to the bridge & crossed over to Bath Island, registered by name, & then wended my way on to Brig Island to take a view of the rapids from that point, from there went to "Hog Back" and then on to Prospect or Lunar Island to see the place where the gentleman and child went over last summer. From there strolled down along the banks to Terripan Rocks, and up on Prospect tower to view from that elevated point the horse shoe falls, and then returned to the hotel.

Left for Buffalo in the cars where I arrived at about 4 o'clock. I immediately took a cab which conveyed me to the Steamer Niagara, which was advertised to leave at 9 o'clock this evening, but I find they are going to play the Western game over me, as 9 o'clock has now passed & there is no appearance of leaving. It is now uncertain whether we shall get off before tomorrow night, though they say they will leave in the morning. They are however obliged to board me until they place me in Cleveland as I have paid my fare. But that is a poor recompense for me, as I am very anxious to get on, but I suppose I must put up with it as fretting will do no good.

I have felt very unwell all day, had head ache and feverish. I pray to God that I may not be taken sick while away from home. I laid down about 5 o'clock.

I was hailed tonight by one of the passengers as Steward of the boat, and with a desire of furnishing him with a "state room." Stewardship was accredited to me, I suppose, on account of carrying a book under my arm, and for wearing my "pea jacket."

16 October 1849. The clerk of the boat promised they would start today at 9 a.m. so I remained aboard the boat the greater part of the day expecting she would leave about 10 o'clock.

I went up to look at the "May Flower" a new and magnificent boat running to Detroit. She is furnished in magnificent style, and each state room has a wash stand with hydrant attached so that every passenger has fresh water in his state room. I also went on board the Baltic, another quite fine boat, but it rained so hard I was glad to return to the boat to obtain shelter. It is now nearly night, and they say the boat will start by 9 o'clock, or so soon as the Eastern cars come in. We already have quite a large amount of freight, and a large number of passengers. The passengers are rather a singular and very rough set of looking customers. I hardly know what to make of them, they look more like those usually seen in steerage than in the cabin. I suppose they are western farmers, with their wives going west, each one has from 1 to 3 children. Never did I see so many children on a boat before.

1/2 past 11 p.m. As there was no certainty of our going very soon, I thought I would turn in for the night, but to my surprise I found a man in the berth that I had selected and slept in the night before, notwithstanding I had placed my coat, valise, hat, books, &c. in it to give notice of it being occupied. I informed the occupant that he would have to vacate, and left. Upon my return, I found that he had done so, but, of course I could not occupy the berth as I did not fancy sleeping in the same one he had left, as I had obliged him to leave on account of his impudence or ignorance whichever it might have been.

17 October 1849. I got up at 1/4 of 2, and found the boat was about to leave the dock. Upon getting out on the Lake found it to be blowing very hard, which continued to increase, causing a very heavy sea, which made the boat labor exceeding. The greater portion of the passengers were sick. I do not suppose there were in the cabin 30, out of 150 but what were sick. As usual I felt no effects of it, and could look at the misfortunes of those who were affected, which at times gave me much amusement. The wind blew so hard and sea ran so high that the captain thought it prudent to run into Erie harbor, where we came to anchor at about 1/2 past 10. It blew too hard to run up to the pier. Remained at anchor until about 1/2 past 5. We were at supper at the time we ran out on the lake, and the table was deserted rapidly, smiling countenances were exchanged for long faces, and state rooms soon received their occupants. In about 3/4 of an hour the cabin was almost completely cleared. After supper I went down into the lower saloon or bar room and amused myself by smoking, talking to the barkeeper and listening to a backwoodsman play on the violin.

18 October 1849. 4 1/2 a.m. Arrived at Cleveland and hauled in. I took the omnibus for the "Weddall House" and got up there about 1/4 of 5 o'clock and immediately went to my room and to bed and slept until about 1/4 past 8, then got up, dressed went to the post office and received a letter from Caroline, then went to the telegraph office and telegraphed home to Ma of my safe arrival, which I thank God for. Returned to the hotel and got an excellent breakfast. I then went and secured my passage on the stage for Cincinnati to start tomorrow morning at 8 o'clock. Took an omnibus and rode over to "Ohio City" to make some enquiry regarding some lots on which I have a mortgage, but upon enquiry could find no lots, or streets to answer the description. Upon subsequent enquiry of Mr. Foot, Attorney at Law of Cleveland, who knew of the whole affair, found that the mortgage was a gross fraud. I returned to the hotel just in time for dinner.

Cleveland appears to be a very busy place and increasing rapidly. There are four large hotels besides several smaller ones. The house I am stopping at is a fine one, table pretty good, beds and rooms clean, but servants inattentive and neglectful. They are just about completing a new pier into the lake, which furnished an easy and safe harbor. Considerable bustle and life is stirring through the town, and many fine stores are to be seen. I understand, though I have not been down to see, that a large land slide must soon take place down on the lake, which will endanger some buildings. There is already a large crack, extending some hundred feet, and ground gradually sinking.

19 October 1849. At about 1/2 past 8 left Cleveland in the stage for Columbus, distance 140 miles. We had a very slow team and bad roads. We arrived at Brighton, distant only 4 miles, at 10 o'clock, and at "1/2 way house," 8 miles, at 11 1/2 o'clock. Arrived at Albion, 14 miles from Cleveland, at 20 m. of 2, being 5 hours and 10 minutes traveling the 14 miles. Out of that we had to walk about 3 where it was impossible for the horses to draw the load through.

Up to this point we had a Pennsylvania Dutchman for a driver, and I rode on the box some distance with him. Found him to be well acquainted with several persons with whom I was acquainted & had a knowledge of in Philadelphia, among whom was Mr. J.F. Smith & Mary Smith. Arrived at Strongville, 15 miles from Cleveland, at about 2 to dine, but no dinner ready, so we took some pie, bread &c. and had to be satisfied though very poor fare. The roads from this point to Medina, where we arrived at 10 m of 6 p.m., are rather better. Medina is 28 miles from Cleveland and is quite a pretty and flourishing place. It has several pretty fair looking hotels, and a number of fine stores. It is the County town. We supped here at the "Chicester House." Supper was pretty good, but no coffee which I would have felt much in need of after so hard a day's ride. We were 9 hours and 20 m. accomplishing the 24 miles. Several of the passengers left at this place, who we had found very entertaining and agreeable. We were 6 in all, viz. one lady, a Miss H.J. Armington from Palmyra N.J., who was alone traveling to Lancaster, Ohio, and who I found to be quite agreeable. A New York state man, who advocated the equal distribution principal, and thought no man ought to be worth over $5000, two Vermonters, one of whom proved to be a very cute fellow, though he did not show it in his looks, and the other, besides myself, was one in company with the Vermonters, but had little to say. Though our ride was tedious, yet it passed pleasantly as the New York state man was very agreeable & talkative, and evidently of some considerable intelligence.

We had a long discussion with the Vermonter, which was very amusing. We left Medina at about 7 with a fine team, and excellent driver who had an excellent voice and entertained us with a number of good songs. At Medina I took in charge Miss Armington, as the New York gentleman had left, and he had been attending to her. Arrived at Seville, 9 miles from Medina and 33 from Cleveland, at 1/4 of 9. Arrived at Jackson and then at Wooster at 1/2 12 a.m. This is 44 miles from Cleveland, and a very pretty and thriving place. Found it very cold riding, and was glad to get to a fire. We only had 3 passengers from Jackson, viz. a gentleman from Ohio state, Miss Armington & myself, so we had it quite comfortable.

20 October 1849. We left Wooster at 1 a.m. and after a very rough drive of 20 miles, arrived at Loudenville, a miserable little place, about 6 o'clock. We took breakfast there and I did justice to it though the coffee was miserable. We left Loudenville at about 7 and arrived at Mount Vernon at 1/4 past 11. It is a town of considerable importance and does considerable business. It has a number of large stores and fine buildings, and good hotels. From Loudenville to Mount Vernon, 22 miles, a succession of hills and woodland and a very rough road, though it is beautiful to ride through at this season of the year. At Mount Vernon I parted with Miss Armington which I regretted. She took a different route at this point so I placed her in charge of the gentleman who came on last night with us, as he was going her direction. We left Mount Vernon about 1/4 of 12 with 6 passengers, all new, consisting of two ladies and 3 gentlemen besides myself. We were all very lively, and had considerable sport along the road. We arrived at Centreburg, 10 miles from Mount Vernon, at about 1/2 past 2, expecting to get some dinner, but could get nothing except a few stale crackers, so we drove on to Sunbury, distant 14 miles from Centreburg. At Centreburg one of the lady passengers left. We arrived at Sunbury at 1/4 of 5, where we got a pretty good supper saving the coffee which was, as usual, weak. This is a town of magnificent distances. The country which we have passed through since we have left Cleveland had been to me very uninteresting, if I except that from Loudenville to Mount Vernon. At Galena, 2 miles from Sunbury, we took in another lady, making up our complement of 6 passengers again.

Today, as well as yesterday, I rode considerably on the box of the stage with the driver, and was well pleased. The road has been exceedingly rough, but I already feel the benefit of my stage ride. To be sure I feel rather sore, as it was almost impossible to keep your seat either in the stage or on the box. Arrived in Columbus, 22 miles from Sunbury and 140 from Cleveland, at 1/4 past 11. I did expect to be able to go on to Springfield tonight, but find I shall not be able to leave here until tomorrow night at 7 o clock as no stage goes out. I shall not arrive in Cincinnati before 10 a.m. on Monday.

Put up at the "Neal House," a large and magnificent house and I cannot say but what I feel ready for bed after so long and tiresome a ride. Got safely to bed at about 1/4 of 12, and I have no doubt but what I shall sleep without rocking.

21 October 1849. Got up this morning at 1/2 past 6. About 1/2 past 10 went over to the Episcopal Church and heard a very good sermon, and, if I can judge from the discourse of the minister, I should think that the congregation or members were not very attentive to their duties as Christians. After Church went to the hotel to dine, and got a very poor dinner. In fact the house, "Neal House," is very poorly kept. There is no attention at the table and meals poor. The rooms however are very fine. I left Columbus this evening for Springfield, a distant 42 miles over the National Road. I had a very uncomfortable ride as they crammed 12 passengers inside, and I had no room to move an eighth of an inch. We however arrived safely at Springfield at about 1/4 of 2 a.m. I could not see much of the town being a very dark night.

22 October 1849. We left Springfield in the cars at 4 a.m. for Cincinnati. Arrived at Xenia at about 5 o'clock where we took breakfast standing, and a very good one too. Arrived in Cincinnati, distant 74 miles from Springfield, at 10 a.m. Took an omnibus and drove to my uncle Harrison's late residence but found they had moved to 6^th Street between Mound & Park Streets. I then went up to the "Hender House" where I shall remain until I can find my aunt. Changed my dress and went up to the post office where I found but one letter, viz. from Samuel Buonnell, Jr. I was much disappointed as I expected to receive 3. I then returned to the Hotel to dine at 5 1/2 p.m. Never did I sit down to a poorer dinner. I could have no attention at the table & scarcely anything to eat.

Immediately after dinner I went out in search of Aunt May Harrison, and after some little difficulty found the house on the North side of 6^th Street, the 1st house east of Mound Street. I found Aunt at home and all the children with the exception of Sarah or Mrs. Rice. They all looked very well and in much better spirits than I expected to find them. May is quite interesting in her appearance, and I think one of the sweetest & mildest dispositions I have ever met. Lydia is quite pretty, and Sophia & Rebecca look very well. I see very little alteration in John. After sitting and conversing with the family for some time I went to call upon Mrs. Spader⁽¹⁾ in 8^th west of Vine Street to see if Mrs. West⁽²⁾ was in town, as I understood from Aunt she had left a short time before. I then went down to the Hotel & got my trunk and had it sent up to Aunt's as she had requested me to make my home there. They are all very kind to me. I spent the evening with the family conversing, and at about 9 o'clock went to bed feeling very tired.

23 October 1849. I got up this morning at about 1/2 past 6, dressed and then took breakfast, after which had family worship and Mary made a prayer in which she used language most appropriate and beautiful. Afterward walked down 6^th Street with John and hired a horse and buggy to ride out to see Carry. I afterwards drove down to Aunt's and took Mary with me out to see Mr. Kulz. I met young Mr. Kulz there and he kindly volunteered to show me the way over to Mr. Borden's. He got into my buggy leading his horse, and rode over nearly all the way with me. I however found the house readily. The first person I met on entering the gate was Mr. Borden,⁽³⁾ and he introduced himself to me. I found him to be very kind and polite and gave me a happy welcome to his house.

My dear Carry came down in a few minutes, and for the first time I embraced and kissed her. O happy meeting. Would that this meeting was for the consummation of our union. How happy should I be, but as yet I do not feel myself prepared to take so important a duty upon myself. Carry looks somewhat thinner than when last we met, though she does not appear much changed. In a few minutes afterwards Mrs. West and Mrs. Borden came in, and then Miss Borden's eldest brother Harry⁽⁴⁾ , with whom I was much pleased. They all treated me very kindly, as much so as I could possibly expect. I spent the day with Carry, and at about 1/4 past 5 had supper, and then started for Cincinnati. I first drove over to Mrs. Kirby's for Mary Harrison.

24 October 1849. A clear and magnificent day. Evening clear and moonlight. Got up this morning at about 1/2 past 6, dressed and took breakfast, after which had family worship. Mary made a beautiful prayer. About 1/2 past 7 walked down to the post office with John, got a letter from J.D. Bald & W.M. Smith, then went up to a livery stable on 6^th St and hired a horse and a boy to drive me out to Mr. Borden's. But, when a short distance, met Henry Borden coming in for me, so I got into his carriage and rode out with him, arrived at Mr. Borden's about 1/2 past 10. Found Carry and family well, spent the greater part of the day with her enjoying her society. In the course of the morning Mr. Borden and I took a a walk out over the place to obtain a view of some pretty scenery of which we had many fine views.

While on this walk I obtained the consent of Mr. Borden for his daughter's hand and explained to him fully my position and circumstances. From his conversation he appeared anxious that our marriage should be at an early day, as Carry does not appear to be happy without me. I told him that I did not think that my circumstances would permit of a marriage at present, and fixed as early in the ensuing spring or summer as possible. Would that I could feel myself justifiable in marrying her now, most happy would I be. We spent the evening playing whist, that is, Mr. Borden and Mrs. West and Carry and I. We went to bed at about 11 o'clock.

25 October 1849. Got up this morning at about 1/2 past 6, dressed and got breakfast. At about 8 o'clock started with my dear Carrie for Franklin, Warren County, Ohio. We had Mr. Borden's horse and buggy. We first drove over to Carthage, a small town about 3 miles from Mr. Borden's, then over to the pike and thence to Franklin, distant about 30 miles. We passed through several pretty towns among which were Reading, Sharon and Bethany. At the last named place we stopped to dine and feed the horse. It is 22 miles from Cincinnati and 13 from Franklin. We had a pretty rough dinner though we enjoyed it after our ride. Had two Catholic priests at dinner, who seemed to think they would like something to warm them after dinner. Arrived at Franklin at about 1/2 past 3 after a pleasant ride. We soon found Mr. Storms' house. Miss Storms placed her head out of the door, said "How do you do and walk in" and then made tracks, being in dishabille. She soon however made her appearance and gave us a pleasant reception.

A short time afterward we took a walk around the town. It is quite a pretty place and contains about 1000 inhabitants. It is situated on a beautiful stream called the Big Miami. Mr. Harry Storms has built himself a very handsome house, located right on the banks of the river. It is about 50 feet square, two stories high, and on a lot 200 feet square. The interior arrangement is very handsome and convenient. At about 8 o'clock all feeling tired went to bed.

26 October 1849. Got up at about 1/2 past 6, took breakfast, and then sat around the fire reading and conversing until about 1/2 past 10, when Miss Theodosia Storms, Carrie and myself started out to take a walk. We crossed the bridge over the Miami, and took a walk of about 2 miles down to its beautiful banks, where we sat conversing for some time, and returned in time for dinner, after which remained conversing until about 1/2 past 4 when we went out to the observatory on the top of the house to obtain a view of the beautiful scenery to be obtained from the elevation. Spent the evening with the family. We were all rather dull of conversation and went to bed at 9.

27 October 1849. Carrie and I left Mr. Storms at about 1/2 past 8 for her house. We had a pleasant ride over the same road that we passed on Thursday, dined at Sharon, a very rough dinner. Arrived at Mr. Borden's at about 1/4 of 4. Spent the evening playing whist, Carry was my partner, and we were beaten 3 out of 4 games.

29 October 1849. The evening was magnificently moonlight. I spent the evening with Carrie. We had an early dinner, then Mrs. West, Harry Borden, Carrie and I went to town. Arrived there about 2 o'clock. Left Mrs. West and Carrie and Mrs. Spaders. Henry & I then went around to the stable, where we left the horse, and to the Mercantile Library⁽⁵⁾ rooms to make some enquiry about a miniature ship which I wished to give to them. After making the necessary arrangements, went to the post office, then down to the river to look for a boat to go up the river on a Thursday. Went on board several, then walked up to 4 & Maine when Henry and I parted. I went up to Aunt Harrison's to tea. After tea sat a while with the family, then changed my dress and then went up to Mr. Spaders on 8^th Street to spend the evening with them and Carrie, by her request. Then went to Aunt's to lodge.

30 October 1849. After family worship walked with John down to the post office after which I left him and called up for Carrie. We went down to visit the "Art Union." The collection of paintings are not so fine as those in Philadelphia. We remained there about an hour, and then called up to see Aunt Mary Harrison and family. We found them all at home, and they persuaded us to remain to dinner. I then went to the stable, got the horse and carriage and drove around to Mr. Spaders again for Carrie. When we drove out to Mr. Borden's we had a delightful ride. It was after dark when we got out, but was moonlight. I spent the evening in company with my dear Caroline.

31 October 1849. Spent the morning with Caroline. She entertained me with numerous pieces which she played on the piano, and sang for me. O most sadly do I feel that we have to part so soon. About 12 o'clock took dinner, and at about 1/2 past 1 Carrie and I started for town in the buggy. Mr. & Mrs. Borden, Mary⁽⁶⁾ and Harry went in another carriage. Carry and I stopped at Aunt's on our way in to leave my coat and valise, and then drove to Mrs. Spaders, where I left her, and Henry and I went down to the river and engaged a passage for Mrs. West and myself on board the steamer New England No. 2 to start tomorrow at 10 a.m. for Wheeling. She is rather a fine boat.

We returned in the course of an hour to Mrs. Spaders. Mr. & Mrs. Borden and Mary left shortly afterwards and I bid them farewell. Took tea at Mrs. Spaders. At about 7 o'clock started to a concert which Henry told us was to come off. He walked with us to the room at 4^th & Walnut Streets, but found ourselves disappointed, so Henry left us and we concluded to go over to see Adrian, the magician, at "College Hall." His tricks were very good, but the dissolving tableau views exhibited afterwards were much better and very beautiful. Out about 1/4 of 10, went home with Carry. Went in, sat a while and then bid Carry fare well. I shall see her but a few minutes in the morning, and then shall not see her for months. O unhappy thought. O that it was otherwise. I love her as dear as life, and cannot bear the thought of parting. I can scarcely realize it. May God grant an early meeting, and may I be so prospered that an early union with the object of my choice, shall be my earnest prayer. I cannot help but shed a tear at the thought of parting with the one that I so dearly love. When I think that I have already parted with her, and shall but meet for a few minutes again, it pains me to my inmost soul, and I cannot describe my feelings. Fare well dear Carry. God bless you.

Upon returning home sat and talked with cousin Mary & Lydia for about half an hour, then to my room to write.

NOVEMBER

1 November 1849. I got up this morning at 1/4 past 6, spent the morning with Aunt and the family until 1/2 past 9, when the carriage called for me and I bid them all farewell. Drove up to Mrs. Spaders in 8^th below Vine Street for Mrs. West, found Mr. Borden and Harry had come in from the country again. In a few minutes Carrie, Mrs. West and I got into the carriage and drove down to the foot of Broadway to take our passage for Wheeling on board the Steamer New England No. 2. We bid Mr. Borden and Mrs. Spaders family farewell at the house but Henry went down to the boat. The boat was advertised to leave at 10, but did not get off until 1/2 past 11, which time I spent with my dear Carrie, but the time soon came for us to part, which was a severe trial for me. I bid her farewell but with a heavy heart, with a hope of an early and happy meeting and union. May God guide and protect her in my absence is my most earnest prayer. I can but shed a tear and hope ever for the best. My whole affections are placed upon her, and I cannot be happy until she is with me. May our spirits be in union in our separation.

We left Cincinnati at 1/2 past 11. I am much pleased with the boat. The table and everything is neat and clean, servants attentive, and I do not think we could have selected a better boat if we had tried. The officers and crew are very polite. The water is quite low and we have to run very slow, expect soon to meet a rise as 10 feet of water is separated at Pittsburgh. Arrived at Richmond, 22 miles above Cincinnati, at 2 p.m. Passed Augusta, Kentucky 40 miles above Cincinnati, at 1/4 of 5. It is situated directly on the river & composed principally of brick houses. Passed Ripley, Ohio, and Maysville, Kentucky.

2 November 1849. Find the passengers on board very pleasant, the table still continues good, and not at all crowded. I have had a state room to myself. The scenery on the river is very beautiful, being a succession of high hills covered with forests which, at this season of the year, present a varied and beautiful appearance. Arrived at Glenwood, Virginia⁽⁷⁾ 165 miles from Cincinnati, at 9 a.m. Loaded some passengers among whom was a bride and groom from Kentucky. In the course of the morning passed a number of small towns whose names I do not remember, also made a number of landings. About 1/2 past 3 p.m. stopped at Pomeroy, Ohio to take in coal. It extends along the river about a mile, 230 miles above Cincinnati and is noted principally as a coal depot.

I spent the day very pleasantly by reading, admiring the scenery, conversing with Mrs. West and the passengers. I am very well content on this boat as everything goes on so nicely. I can recommend her to any one, except for writing which is very difficult as the jar is so great, though as the boat has just stopped at a town for a few minutes I can get along quite nicely, as will appear by the difference in these few last lines. She is now pushing off again and my hand will begin to jerk again. I spent the evening reading, though my thoughts are so continually upon Carrie, I can hardly fix my mind upon anything else.

3 November 1849. It is now 10 o'clock and we expect to get into Wheeling at about 11, which will be too late for the morning line of stages which start at 8, so Mrs. West and I have concluded to go on to Pittsburgh and go on by way of Brownsville, as we much prefer it to laying over at Wheeling.

The scenery this morning is picturesque and beautiful. The high hills lining the shore have a grand appearance, while occasionally a rude log cabin, with marks of cultivation around, at once advises you that the country is inhabited and tilled. To judge from the barren appearance of the hills would lead you to suppose such was not the case.

We passed Marietta and Parkersburg last night, or I might say about 1 or 2 o'clock this morning, being in my berth I of course did not see them. Arrived at Wheeling, Virginia at 1/2 past 11 a.m. On our approach had a fine view of the great wire suspension bridge at this point. It is a beautiful strutter, and is 97 feet above low water mark. On either end of the bridge are 2 large towers, connected so as to form an arch, through which the carriages pass to and fro. The bridge is not yet completed, yet so much so as to permit foot passengers and horses and carriages to pass. Our boat passed under the bridge with 5 or 10 feet to spare, and 10 feet of water in the channel. Wheeling is 400 miles above Cincinnati and 96 below Pittsburgh. I walked up as far as the United States Hotel, a miserable dirty looking affair. Left Wheeling at 1/2 past 12. Arrived at Wellsburg, Virginia, then Steubenville, Ohio. It is a place of some importance and presents a very pretty appearance from the river. There is quite an extensive seminary for young ladies at this place, presenting a fine appearance from the river. They have some 250 scholars. The scenery today has been quite varied and handsome. Arrived at Beaver, Pennsylvania. We now expect to arrive at Pittsburgh at about 1 o'clock tomorrow morning.

4 November 1849. We arrived in Pittsburgh about 1 o'clock, after a very delightful trip. I got up rather before 5 o'clock, and wrote a letter to Carrie. I then went up to the post office, mailed it, then returned to the boat and took Mrs. West up to the "Monongahela House" where we took breakfast which was pretty good, but not such a breakfast as I expected to get at that house. At about 1/2 Past 8 left Pittsburgh on board the Steamer Louis McLane for Brownsville, Pennsylvania on the Monongahela River about 60 miles above Pittsburgh. The boat was a miserable dirty one, very old, and I hardly considered her safe. This was to be her last trip on this route, she however was pretty fast and took us up safely. On this river there are 4 dams, and 4 large locks which the boat has to pass through. These dams and locks were erected at great expense for the purpose of making the river navigable during the whole year. The scenery throughout is beautiful and picturesque.

Arrived at Keyport [McKeesport], quite a pretty little town, Elizabethtown, then Monongahela, at 11 1/4 a.m., 26 miles from Pittsburgh and quite a pretty place. Passed through the 3^rd lock at 11 a.m. It is a place of considerable size, and has a fine covered bridge extending across the river. The land appears to be much better cultivated along this river than in the Ohio. There is considerable quantity of coal obtained in this vicinity, and the banks are lined with holes to enter the mines.

Arrived at Brownsville, Pennsylvania at 1/2 past 3. It is a place of considerable size and some fine buildings. It also has a covered bridge across the Monongahela. Immediately upon our arrival we started in a stage for Cumberland, Pennsylvania, a distance of 72 miles. Our passengers of 8, two ladies including Mrs. West, and 6 gentlemen including myself. One of the 6 was a very large man and would with ease of counted two as he created considerable of a crowd with three on a seat. He was, however, very good natured, and took many jokes cracked at his expense. We had many very beautiful views just after leaving Brownsville, in ascending the hills. We arrived at Uniontown, Pennsylvania at about 6 p.m. 12 miles from Brownsville. Stopped at the U.S. hotel to supper, pretty good except that the coffee was miserable, which dissatisfied you with everything else. From Uniontown, and sometime after leaving it, we had a fine view of a large fire in the mountains which presented a magnificent spectacle. Left Uniontown at about 1/2 past 6, and soon commenced to ascend the first of the range of the Cumberland mountains called "Laurel Hill." We shall be crossing them all night.

5 November 1849. Clear and delightful, but quite warm all day and during the night. We continued to ascend the Mountains all night. On account of our large friend making considerable of a crowd, we concluded to give more room by taking turns on the box of the stage. I went out at about 1/2 past 1, and rode until 1/2 past 3, but found it rather cold, though it was pleasant as the moon shone brightly. We arrived at Frostburg 71 miles from Brownsville at 11, and Cumberland at about 1/2 past 6 a.m. From this point it is down the mountains all the way and we drove the 11 miles in about one hour. The scenery too is superb. Arrived at Cumberland at 1/2 past 8, and succeeded in getting a very poor breakfast after two attempts. There is no attention at the house where the stage stops (I think the United States) and almost impossible to get anything to eat. We left Cumberland at 1/2 past 8 in the cars for Baltimore distant 178 miles. We had a delightful ride through a most picturesque country winding through the Cumberland mountains along the valley of the Potomac River, to Harpers Ferry, where we arrived at about 1 p.m. to dine. It is 96 miles from Cumberland and 72 from Baltimore. The scenery at this point, and for some distance before and after you arrive is magnificently grand, too beautiful for me to attempt anything like a description. We also passed along the valley of the Patapsco River for some distance before we arrived at Baltimore. Some of the scenery is very fine. Elicots Mills⁽⁸⁾ about 14 miles from Baltimore are very beautifully located.

Arrived in Baltimore at about 1/2 past 5, took a carriage and drove up to "Barnums Hotel" where we got a pretty good supper. Mrs. West did not meet her husband as she expected. I then telegraphed him at Philadelphia and she will remain at Baltimore until he arrives. I shall however go on tonight. After supper I sat a while with Mrs. West and at 1/2 past 7 took a carriage and went to the Philadelphia depot. At 8 started for Philadelphia crossing the Susquehanna River at about 10 o'clock. I slept all the way in the cars, only waking up at Susquehanna River, Wilmington and on arrival. Arrived in Philadelphia about 10 m. of 3, went home & after some little trouble got in.

6 November 1849. I arrived in Philadelphia this morning at about 1/4 of 3. I succeeded after some little difficulty in waking Ma and Lydia up and they threw the key down to me, and I went up to our room. After our meeting I went to bed. It was then about 4 o'clock. Got up again at 7, got breakfast and went to the office. I was there the greater part of the day. In the evening called up with Samuel Bonnell, Jr. to see Miss Kate Smith, did not find her at home. Kate was down at Miss Burton's. We had started down for her but met on the way and returned, and spent the evening very pleasantly.

7 November 1849. Quite warm, unusually so for this season of the year. It is quite pleasant to sit with the windows up.

9 November 1849. Cloudy, very warm and oppressive. It rained hard nearly all day, and during the evening. We also had considerable thunder and lightning through the day, which is rather unusual at this season of the year. At the office all day. Evening at home until about 8 o'clock when the rain slackened up some and Ma and I then called over at the "American House" to see Mrs. West, found her at home and quite well, also Mr. West.

9 November 1849. In the evening about 1/2 past 6 went up for Kate Smith to bring her down to spend the evening with my sister as she expected Louisa Wood, Mary Bellangel,⁽⁹⁾ Samuel Bonnell and some others to spend the evening. Just after she had left the room to get ready it commenced to pour rain which continued the whole evening and prevented us from going. I spent the evening with Kate until about 9 o'clock very pleasantly and then left for home. Rode down in the omnibus. Upon getting home found Mr. Bonnell there, but none of the ladies.

10 November 1849. In the evening went over to a sale at 5^th & Chestnut Streets at "Federal Hall," purchased a card receiver.

11 November 1848. Got up about 7 a.m., dressed, got breakfast and then smoked a cigar, after which went over to the bath house, and took a tepid and shower bath. Found the shower very cold. Upon my return went to St. Andrew's Church with Lydia. A stranger preached. Afternoon at home reading. In the evening went to Grace Church with Ma. A stranger preached.

12 November 1849. Called upon Miss Mary Bellangel to invite her to come down with her sister to spend tomorrow evening with my sister. Found her quite well, remained a few minutes and then called up to see Miss Kate Smith on the same errand and found her at home looking as usual very well.

13 November 1849. The clear, warm and delightful weather still continues, which is very singular for this season of the year. All we want is to have the trees budding to make it spring, so warm is the atmosphere, never do I remember such warm weather to last so late in the fall.

14 November 1849. Mr. Craig and Miss Amanda Israel spent the evening with us. Played whist the greater part of the evening.

15 November 1849. It was warm enough throughout the day to sit by an open window, towards evening became much cooler, in fact quite cold.

I was at the office the greater part of the day until about 1/4 of 6, then went over and took my usual bath. Found a "shower" rather cold. About 1/4 past 7 called up for Samuel Bonnell at his house, and we made a call together out to see Mr. and Mrs. Leeds. Mr. and Mrs. Jenks were also there. I have not seen Mrs. Jenks, or Arethusa as I formerly called her, for about 2 years. She is rather changed looking more delicate yet still pretty and interesting. My feelings this evening were sad. I could not, when I saw Arethusa, but think of poor Lizzie, who is now no more, of the many happy moments we all spent together in days long gone by never to return.

17 November 1849. I called down for Sam Bonnell and in a few moments afterwards he and I went into the store on 2^nd Street just below his office and got some coffee and buckwheat cakes for our supper.

18 November 1849. Received a letter from Carrie today.

19 November 1849. In the evening went up to Charles and Buttonwood Streets to collect some rents, after which called to see Miss Hannah Burton.

20 November 1849. Found the Street very much crowded with ladies on the promenade. Spent the evening with Miss Mary Carter. Her sister Harriet is at West Chester. Met Miss Cora Badger there, and spent quite a pleasant evening playing whist and uckre.

21 November 1849. The Square looks quite green opposite my office. At the office all day until about 1 p.m., then went out to see Mr. Alleyne in Vine Street west of Schuylkill 7^th Street, about the purchase of his house. I then went up to the Walnut Street Theater to see Miss Charlotte Cushman perform in the Lady of Lyons. She played her character exceeding well, though her appearances were much against her, as she is much too large, and too old to play the character of Pauline. I was much better pleased with her in the after piece of the Honey Moon. She played Juliana with much beauty and effect.

22 November 1849. At the office all day, and in the evening went up to a small company given by Mrs. Boker. Spent quite a pleasant evening and at about 11 o'clock had a very nice oyster supper. I commenced going to the Gymnasium this evening.

23 November 1849. After tea went up to Franklin and Wallace Streets to see Dr. Kugler. Found him at home but gone to bed. I then went down to Miss Hannah Burton's having been invited there to spend the evening. They expected Miss Kate Smith to have been there to tea, but she had not come so they requested me to go up for her which I did. Met Mr. Vincent Smith there who walked down with Kate, but did not go in. I walked down with Miss Louisa Snyder. Left at about 11 o'clock and walked home alone. Miss Kate Smith, I think, was rather angry on account of my not going home with her, but as she had not come down with me, and I had been out quite late for two nights, and a gentleman was going up with Louisa, I thought she might go up with them, and I should save myself a long and lonesome walk home.

24 November 1849. Evening at home reading, with the exception of about 3/4 of an hour occupied in going over to take a bath.

25 November 1849. In the morning went up to the new Church of "St. Mark's⁽¹⁰⁾ " with Ma and Lydia. I was much pleased with the style and architecture of the church.

27 November 1849. At the office all day, after tea went over to the Gymnasium for about 3/4 of an hour.

28 November 1849. Went to the Gymnasium where I exercised.

29 November 1849. By the solemn proclamation of the Executive, the people of this Commonwealth are called this day [Thursday] to render humble and grateful thanks to Almighty God for the blessings he has vouchsafed them during the year that is hastening to a close. If the duty of prayer and praise - if the necessity of the recognition of our dependence upon Him who, in mercy and wisdom, gives and takes away - should be ever in our minds as individuals, it is not the less imperative upon communities to show thankfulness for the goodness which has confirmed peace and prosperity to them as their portion. Beautiful, indeed, is that moral ordinance now a law of custom, which has obtained rule among us, that, once in the year at least, there shall be set apart some of the hours which belong to toil, to render special thanks for the beneficence which has blessed the labor of the hands, and filled barn and granary to overflowing; has shielded us from the rigors of want; has stayed the ravages of pestilence; has given to all things the mild influence of peace.

We can look back upon a year of mercies, of calm rest, and unleashed prosperity as regards ourselves; but while we feel the aspirations of gratitude rising quick and fast, they must assume a deeper and more reverential character when the thought of the miseries of the troubled nations beyond the sea which rolls between us and them, comes upon the mind. We have no wasted fields, where the trodden corn is dyed with blood to look upon; we have no melancholy monuments of the devastation of war in the ruins of sacked towns, and smoldering villages; we have no griefs to rend our hearts in the recollection of kindred or friends sacrificed to the Moloch which seems to rule the destinies of Europe, and to exact its tribute of blood so relentlessly. We behold a fairer picture, in which every object tells of happiness and of contentment and the heart should swell with boundless thanksgiving that we are so privileged and greatly blessed. A destroying pestilence has been among us, yet we have suffered, comparatively speaking, far less than the people of other lands. The hand of Eternal Power smote but lightly; and although sorrow has been brought to many hearts, though feelings have been rudely wrung, and anguish for the dead has taken the place of happiness in the companionship of the living; still there has been a limitless mercy, which calls for humble recognition, even from those who have suffered the loss of their loved and cherished. All over the land, prosperity has held sway, marked with, comparatively, but few drawbacks or exceptions and the nation has been at peace. While the old world is rocking with wild disorder; while the law of the sword has exercised its fearful power, and induced more than its usual horrors, while liberty has sunk before despotism, and her martyrs are to be counted by thousands, the American Union stands as the bulwark and refuge of liberal principles; the ark of safety to the oppressed fugitives whose dearest rights have been mercilessly invaded. There should be double thankfulness, in the remembrance of this - that war has not visited its pains and penalties upon us; and that we can offer an asylum to those who flee from them.

We are coming fast to the close of the year. The earth has yielded its fatness, and the liberal store of its products has been garnered. The beauty of the Autumn has passed away, and the chill winds and sending to the earth, and to natural decay, the last few leaves that have clung to the branches they adorn. Bleakness is assuming the place of beauty, and we are reminded, by the wintry aspect of all about us, of another feeling which should mingle with, and become a part of the promptings of the day. The rigors of the season have advanced upon us with a gentle progress, that seemed designed to win us from the recollection that autumn has fled and gone but there are now fast coming monitions that the frost king will no longer delay his terrors and with the devout acknowledgement of gifts received and enjoyed, there should come, today, a thought of those upon whom the inclement season presses, or will press, with fearful face, and upon whose unprotected heads it must fall with a severity. Gratitude to Him who has bounteously given the goods of life, should induce the remembrance of the poor, who are ever with us, needing our kindness and abidance. The heart will have a fresher glow, and the meal a more pleasant savor, if the conscience rests at peace, in the knowledge that the destitute have been cared for to the extent of individual means.

The day was better observed than it has been on any previous occasion, and what but a few years ago was an innovation, has now become a fixed solemnity among our citizens. The day throughout was clear, cold and beautiful, evening moonlight. The churches were all well filled in the morning.

30 November 1849. After tea went to the Gymnasium for about 3/4 of an hour, when I went up to Mr. Edward Roberts, accompanied by Mr. Maginnis; Ma & Lydia had been spending the day there. All the family were at home, spent a pleasant evening.

DECEMBER

1 December 1849. At the office during the day until about 1/2 past 3, when Ma and Lydia called for me, and we went together out to Schuylkill 4^th & Cherry Streets to look at a house that we thought of purchasing, but the occupant behaved in so ungentlemanly a manner that we were unable to see it, and were obliged to leave. Went to the Gymnasium, remained until 7, then went over to Wolbert's sale, remained there until about 9 or until over. Met Sam Bonnell there, and after the sale he and I went up to 4^th and Chestnut Streets & got some oysters.

2 December 1849. Today the 1^st ice of this season was made. It was very cold through the morning, and at about 11 a.m. commenced hailing which continued without intermission up to the time of my going to bed, at which time the hail must have been an inch and a half or two inches deep. In the morning went to the Unitarian Church at the corner of 10^th and Locust Streets. Mr. Furness preached an excellent sermon. After my return home this evening we had some whiskey punch which was very fine on so cold a night.

3 December 1849. In the early part of the day the pavements were covered with slush occasioned by the snow or hail of last night and the rain of today. At the office all day, and after tea went down to the Sheriffs sale to read a notice, but finding it was not required, left and went up to the Gymnasium where I exercised until about 1/4 past 7. I then went up to the Chestnut Street Theater and saw some very poor, and some pretty good acting. There were three pieces performed, viz,, Joe the Orphan, which was poor, Napoleon's Old Guard which was pretty good, and Jack Sheppard, portions of which were played very well. Out about 11 o'clock, went to 4^th & Chestnut Streets and got some oysters & a mug of beer.

4 December 1849. In the evening went to the Gymnasium for about an hour.

5 December 1849. In the afternoon about 1/2 past 3 went up in Callowhill Street with Ma & Lydia to look at a house, which we all liked very much except in situation.

6 December 1849. In the evening at Wolbert's sale at 5^th and Chestnut, with the exception of about 3/4 of an hour occupied in calling up to see Mr. & Mrs. Charles M. Wagner. I purchased this evening two tea sets, two half pitchers, a card receiver, &c. Mr. Wagner was married to Miss Mary Conrad about 2 or 3 weeks since. The bride looked very well, but she is not pretty. Her sister Lizzie looked very well. She was one of the bridesmaids. I saw a number of our profession there, did not remain more than 15 or 20 minutes.

7 December 1849. About 1/4 past 5, took a walk out to Schuylkill 3^rd & Chestnut Streets with Mr. Bald, returned about 6 and went to the Gymnasium. Met Sam Bonnell there & exercised about a half hour, then went over home & took tea. I then dressed to go to a party & went over to Wolbert's sale, where I remained until about 20 m. of 9, wishing to purchase a couple vases but was disappointed. Left and called down for the Misses Harriet & Mary Carter to wait upon them to a party at Mr. Perot's, at Pine below 8^th Street, given for Mr. Samson Perot who was married a few days since to a lady from Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The family being Quaker there was no dancing, which made it rather tedious. About 1/2 past 10 had a very fine supper served up in the usual manner. The bride was rather pretty, but too tall for the gown.

8 December 1849. After tea went over to the Gymnasium.

10 December 1849. At about 12 N commenced snowing which continued with great violence until a late hour in the night, it melted for some time as it fell.

11 December 1849. At the office through the day until about 1/2 past 3, then went up to Mr. Mann's office to settle a matter in connection with the purchase of a property by Mrs. Lane. Went home to tea, from there over to the Gymnasium, exercised about 3/4 of an hour.

12 December 1849. At the office all day, and in the evening, after my return from the Gymnasium, called up to see Miss Kate Smith, found her at home and well. About 9 o'clock Samuel Bonnell, Jr., Thomas Belangee and his two sisters, Mary and Lizzy, came in. Spent a pleasant evening. All went out in dining room, had mince pies, and a very merry time.

13 December 1849. In the morning at about 1/2 past 10 went with Ma out to Schuylkill 4^th Street and Cherry to look at house which she thought of purchasing. Went all through it and we were much pleased. The lady of the house was very polite and attentive. After tea went to the Gymnasium, exercised for about an hour, then went to the office, remained half an hour then home. About 1/2 past 9 had some very fine fried oysters.

16 December 1849. Got up this morning at 1/4 past 7, and went over [to the Gymnasium] and took a warm plunge & then a cold shower bath. Found it rather cold but not unpleasant.

20 December 1849. In the evening went up to see the Circus to see the English clown Wallett. His quotations were apt, and puns good, but too deep to be appreciated by the audience frequenting that house. There was no low wit; and his movements were too staid or refined for a clown. The rest of the performance was pretty good, but the Pantomime of Mother Burch miserable.

21 December 1849. At the office all day until about 4 p.m. then called down for Samuel Bonnell, Jr. and we went together down to Front and Almond Streets to look at a property, then out to Schuylkill 4^th and Cherry Streets to look at the house recently purchased by Ma. Returned to the office about 6.

22 December 1849. Poured rain tremendous hard all through the morning and blew a perfect gale. In the latter part of the afternoon the sun came out, but it again clouded over and we had some rain. At the office the greater part of the day. In the morning down at a sale at Thomas & Sons for a while. In the evening at the Gymnasium until about 8, and then went home.

21 December 1849. After church went out to cousin Algernon Roberts' to dinner. Percival came home yesterday. Found all the rest of the family at home and well. After dinner went up and smoked. About 4 o'clock Cuthbert I took a walk down to Walnut & 5^th Streets. Met a great many on the Streets.

24 December 1849. In the evening after tea went over to Wolbert's sale at 5^th and Chestnut Streets with Ma, and bought a papier-mach� table inlaid with pearl, then went up to Barnett's in 2^nd above Arch & bought a gold eye glass for Ma, then to Henion's and got some confectionery, and then home.

25 December 1849. Philadelphia never shone with a brighter face on this cheering "festival of the heart" than she wears today. The world is "all agog" with merriment, fun, enjoyment, hilarity and happiness. A truce with carping care - a truce with business - a truce with gold hunting, and gold digging, while the joyous laugh rings around, and silver voices carol a merry Christmas strain. Truly this is a charming season, when the heart overflows with gladness, and the soul flutters its pinions in the very brightest beams of love and affection as a foretaste of future joys. Of such a festival I should be happy, and they are happiest, who strive to make others as happy as themselves. Now "Grandfather Whitehead" loads himself with toys for "little Edward" and his sister, and now the palpitating heart of maiden love receives the gift of affection from dear hands of admirer, brother, cousin or parent, the anxious mother or the doting father. It is a beautiful and interesting "festival of the heart," this Christmas day, the memory of which, who is so old as to forget, or so callous as not to enjoy? The soldier "fights his battles o'er again," but the Christian renews each year the affections of the past, till carried along in the tide of time, life blends with immortality, and the future realizes the hopes of the soul, inspired by the events that have consecrated the day of eternal veneration.

There was a great change in the weather from yesterday. It was exceedingly cold, windy and blustering. Ice made throughout the day and evening. Got up this morning about 1/4 past 7, got breakfast, and then went over to the office, remained there until about 10, when Mr. Bald and I went over home, to look at the papier-mach� table I purchased last evening. Remained a short time when we left and I went to St. Andrew's Church, heard an excellent sermon by Mr. Stevens. After Church went to the office again where I remained until about 1/2 past 1, when E.J. Maginnis called for me, and we went over to Dandimonds to get our dinner, but found none provided. We then went into the U.S. Hotel, found they dined at 1/2 1. Then took a walk up Chestnut Street, bought a pair of gloves, and returned to the hotel about 20 m. past 2, very cold.

At 2 1/2 the gong sounded and we went into our dinner which was a sumptuous affair and to which we did ample justice. I made my dinner from roast turkey, venison, cranberries, tripe soup, hominy, macaroni, mince pies, water ice, flaming pudding & hard sauce, Charlotte Russe, &c., &c. and topped off with champagne. After leaving the hotel went to the office, smoked a cigar and at about 1/2 past 4 started up Chestnut Street. It was so much crowded that it was almost impossible to get along. Turned off at 10^th Street and called up to see Miss Kate Smith. Found her in and well, also saw Louisa Snyder. Remained until 6, and then started to get our supper.

Stopped at 8^th & Filbert Streets at the new store with the expectation of getting something nice. Ordered hot cakes and coffee, after waiting about 5 minutes informed us the cakes were all out and asked if we would have bread. Upon waiting 15 minutes longer they brought us in some miserable cold and weak coffee, which we tasted and left, paying the lady in attendance and informing her of the fact and asking her to taste it. Then went down to Newlins where we got an excellent cup of coffee with cakes, after which went over to the office, smoked a cigar, and looked over past events in my journal, and at about 1/2 past 7, went up to Mr. Edward Roberts, where the usual family Christmas party were assembled. Had an excellent supper of oysters, ham, eggnog, &c.

26th December 1849. Cloudy all day and exceedingly cold. The Schuylkill River is frozen over, and I understand persons are skating on it. The Delaware is also frozen over at Burlington. After tea went to the Gymnasium for about half or three quarters of an hour, then returned home for a short time when I called over to see Mrs. West. We had 4 games of whist.

27 December 1849. At the office the greater part of the day. After tea went over to the Gymnasium for about half an hour, then returned home and dressed to go up to a company given by Mr. & Mrs. Algernon Roberts for Miss Sally Carstairs, the lady to whom Sydney is engaged. There were about 50 there. Spent a pleasant evening. About 11 o'clock had a very fine supper served in the usual style. The table was beautifully decorated with a large bouquet of natural flowers, so arranged as to divide among the company.

28 December 1849. In the evening about 8 o'clock called upon Mrs. James Dayton,⁽¹¹⁾ who is spending the week with her mother Mrs. Clarke. Found her at home and quite well, saw her baby for the first time, which the grandmother, as well as the mother, appear to be very proud of. Spent a pleasant evening playing whist.

29 December 1849. About 7 p.m. went down to see Samuel Bonnell, Jr. at his office. Remained there until about 7, when we went into the confectioners below and got a very good supper. Then went around home and then went over to the Gymnasium and exercised until about 1/2 past 9.

31 December 1849. The snow of last night covered the Streets to the depth of several inches and made very fine sleighing, which afforded much sport to the lovers of that kind of riding. The various omnibus lines put their sleighs in requisition, and from the way they were crowded, it would seem that all the world and his wife together with all the children were determined to have a sleigh ride while it lasted. At about 8 o'clock went down as far as the Chestnut Street Theater. Went in to see the Pantomime, which was very good, and with some very excellent tricks in it.

Notes:

(1) Mrs. Richard P. Spader, n�e Leonora Upjohn, aunt of Caroline Ann Borden Erwin. She was the sister of Catherine Dudly Upjohn Borden, Mrs. Samuel Borden, Jr. Joseph I. Doran papers.